Endogenic forces act in the interior of the Earth.
Exogenic forces act on the surface of the Earth.

A flow chart of 'Evolution of landforms' are as follow

(a) The place in the crust where the movement starts is called the 'focus'.
(b) The place on the surface above the focus is called the 'epicentre'.

The plates are moving because they are floating on the molten magma inside the Earth.

Sand dunes are those hill-like structures which are formed by the deposition of blowing wind in deserts.

The plates are moving because they are floating on the molten magma inside the Earth.

(i) When the river enters the plain it twists, turns and forms large bends. These bends are known as meanders.
(ii) Due to continuous erosion and deposition along the sides of the meander, the ends of the meander loop comes closer and closer. In due course of the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a cut-off lake. It is called an ox-bow lake. At times the river overflows its banks. This leads to the flooding of the neighbouring areas. The flood water. deposits layers of fine soil and other materials, called sediments, along its banks. This leads to the formation of a flat fertile land called a flood plain.
(iii) The raised banks are called levees.
(iv) As the river approaches the sea, the speed of the running water decreases. The river begins to break up in number of streams.

Earthquake- A case study
(i) Earthquake hits Bhuj: A massive earthquake measuring (6.9 on Richter scale hilts Bhuj Town on 26th January 2001.
(ii) School worst affected: At least 971 students and 31 teachers are feared to have lost their lives following the collapse of school buildings
(iii) Bhuj relief effort blighted: Three days after the quake, concern rose about food, blankets; and medical supplies not reaching everyone.
(iv) Destruction of Bhuj: Phone lines, water pipelines and power stations transmissions lines were knocked out.
(v) Fire in the city: Hundreds of fires started as charcoal, cookers overturned
(vi) Emergency declared in quake zone: The president declares a state of emergency.
(vii) CM's appeal to the Centre: Gujarat Chief Minister appeals for financial help. The Chief Minister of Gujarat has launched an appeal for the Centre to deal with the disaster.

i) Sea waves continuously strike at the rocks. Thus, cracks develop. Over time they become larger and wider. Thus, hollow like caves are formed on the rocks. They are called sea caves. As these cavities become bigger and bigger only the roof of the caves remain, thus forming sea arches.
ii) Further, erosion breaks the roof and only walls are left. These walls like features are called stacks. The steep rocky coast rising almost vertically above sea water is called sea cliff. The sea waves deposit sediments along the shores forming beaches. 

Seismograph is a machine by which earthquake is measured.
The magnitude of earthquake is measured by Richter scale.
(i) An earthquake of 2.0 or less is felt only a little.
(ii) An earthquake over 5.0 causes damage from things falling.
(iii) A 6.0 or higher magnitude is considered very strong and 7.0 is classified as a major earthquake.

During an earthquake we can take shelter under a table or desk, or against an inside corner or wall. We should stay away from fire places and windows. We should confidently face the situation.

The place in the crust where the movement of an earthquake starts is called the focus. The place on the surface above the focus is called the epicentre.

The forces which act in the interior of the earth are called endogenic forces.
They sometimes produce sudden movements and
at the other times produce slow movements.
Sudden movements like earthquake, volcanoes cause mass destruction.
Slow movements like diastrophic forces help in building mountains.