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Published on: 20/09/2019
Quadratic Equations
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1.
Raja and Raju together have 26 marbles. Both of them lost 3 marbles each and the product of the number of marbles they now have is 91.We want to find out how many marbles they had with them to start with? Represent the above problem mathematically in terms of a quadratic equation?
2.
Which of the following are quadratic equations?
\((i)x+\frac { 3 }{ x } =x^{ 2 }\)
\((ii)2x^{ 2 }-5x-x^{ 2 }-2x+3\)
\((iii)x^{ 2 }-\frac { 1 }{ x^{ 2 } } =5\)
\((iv)x^{ 2 }-3x-\sqrt { x } +4=0\)
\((v)\sqrt { 2 } x^{ 2 }+7x+5\sqrt { 2 } =0\)
3.
Find the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation\(\sqrt{3} x^{2} - 2 \sqrt {2}\ x - 2\ \sqrt {3} = 0.\) If the real roots exist, find them.
4.
Find the roots of the quadratic equation \({x - 1 \over {x - 2}} + {x - 3 \over {x - 4}} = {10\over 3} ; x \neq 2 , 4.\)
5.
Find the roots of the quadratic equation \(x+ {1\over x} = {41\over 20} ; x \neq 0 .\)
6.
Find the roots of the following quadratic equation (if they exist) by the method of completing square \(5x^{2} - 6x-2 = 0\) .
7.
The age of father is equal to the square of the age of his son. The sum of the age of father and five times the age of the son is 66years. Find their ages.
8.
Solve for x: \(x^2+5x-(a^2+a-6)=0\)
9.
Find that non-zero value of k, for which the quadratic equation \(kx^2+1-2(k-1)x+x^2=0\) has equal roots. Hence find the roots of the equation.
10.
In the following equations determine the set of values of p for which the given equation has real roots: px2+4x+1=0
11.
Find the positive value of k, for which the equations x2+kx+64=0 and x2-8x+k=0 will both have real roots.
12.
If a and b are roots o the equation 2x2+7x+5=0 then write a quadratic equation whose roots are 2a+3 and 2b+3
13.
If the price of a book is reduced by Rs.5, a person can buy 5 more books for Rs.300. Find the original list price of a book.
14.
A 2-digit number is such that product of its digits is 18. When 63 is subtracted from the number, the digits interchange their places. Find the number.
15.
Divide 29 into two parts.so that the sum of the squares of the parts is 425.
1.
\(x^{ 2 }-26x+160=0\)
2.
(i) No
(ii) Yes
(iii) No
(iv) No
(v) Yes
3.
\(Real \ and \ distinct \ \left [\sqrt{6} , - {\sqrt {6}\over 3}\right ]\)
4.
\(\left [{5\over 2} , \ 5\right]\)
5.
\(\left [{5\over 4}, {4\over 5}\right ]\)
6.
\(\left [3\pm \sqrt {19}\over 5\right]\)
7.
Let age of the son be x years
Father's agebe (x)2
Also x2 + 5x = 66
\(\Rightarrow x^{ 2 }+5x-66=0\)
\(\Rightarrow (x+11)(x-6)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-11,x=6\)
\(\therefore \quad \) Age of son =6 years
and age of Father = (6)2=36 years
8.
x2+5x-(a2+a-6)=0
D=(5)2-4x1x[-(a2+a-6)]
=25+4a2+4a-24
=4a2+4a+1=(2a+1)2
\(\therefore x=\frac { -b\pm \sqrt { D } }{ 2a } =\frac { -5\pm \sqrt { (2a+1) } ^{ 2 } }{ 2\times 1 } \)
\(=\frac { -5\pm (2a+1) }{ 2 } =\frac { -4+2a }{ 2 } ,\frac { -6-2a }{ 2 } \)
=-2+a,-3-a
9.
Kx2+1-2(k-41)x+x2=0
\(\Rightarrow kx^{ 2 }+x^{ 2 }-2(k-1)x+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow (k+1)x^{ 2 }-2(k-1)x+1=0\)
Here,a=k +1 ,b=-2(k-1),c=1
D=b2-4ac
=[-2(k-1)2--4(k+1)(1)
=4(k-1)2-4(k+1)
Roots are equal
D=0
\(\Rightarrow 4(k-1)^{ 2 }-4(k+1)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow 4(k-1)^{ 2 }-(k+1)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow (k-1)^{ 2 }-k-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow k^{ 2 }+1-2k-k-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow k^{ 2 }-3k=0\)
\(\Rightarrow k(k-3)=0\)
k=0 or k-3=0 \(\Rightarrow k=3\)
Non zero value of k =3
after putting the value of k=3 in equation we get
3x32+1-2(3-1)x+x2 =0
\(\Rightarrow 3x^{ 2 }+1-2(2)x+x^{ 2 }=0\)
\(\Rightarrow 3x^{ 2 }+1-4x+x^{ 2 }=0\)
\(\Rightarrow 4x^{ 2 }-4x+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow 4x^{ 2 }-2x-2x+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow 2x(2x-1)-1(2x-1)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow (2x-1)\quad (2x-1)=0\)
2x-1=0 or 2x-1=0
2x-1 or 2x=1
\(x=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \) or \(x=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)
Roots are \(x=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } ,\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)
10.
The equation has real roots if \(D\ge0\)
\((4)^2-4p\ge0\)
i.e., \(16-4p\ge0 \ or \ 16\ge4p \ or \ p\le4\)
11.
If the equation x2+kx+64=0 has real roots,then D \(\ge 0\)
\(\Rightarrow k^{ 2 }-4\times 64\ge 0\quad \Rightarrow k^{ 2 }\ge 256\Rightarrow k^{ 2 }\ge (16)^{ 2 }\)
\(\Rightarrow k\ge 16\) \(\left[ \therefore k>0 \right] \) ...(i)
If the equation x2 - 8x+k=0 has real roots then D \(\ge \) 0 \(\Rightarrow 64-4k\ge 0\Rightarrow 4k\le 64\) ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii) we get k=16
12.
Here given quadratic equation is 2x2+7x+5=0
a and b are roots a+b=\(\frac{-7}{2}\) ...(i)
and a.b=\(\frac{5}{2}\) ...(ii)
Now, quadratic equation whose roots are 2a+3 and 2b+3 is
x2-[2a+3+2b+3]x+(2a+3)(2b+3)=0
\(\Rightarrow\) x2-[2(a+b)+6]x+(4ab+6(a+b)+9]=0
\(\Rightarrow { x }^{ 2 }-\left[ 2\left( \frac { -7 }{ 2 } \right) +6 \right] x+\left[ 4\times \frac { 5 }{ 2 } +6\times \left( \frac { -7 }{ 2 } \right) +9 \right] =0\) [using (i) and (ii)]
\(\Rightarrow\) x2+x-2=0
13.
Let Price of a book Rs x : Total cost =Rs 300
Number of books = \(\frac { 300 }{ x } \)
If price of a book = Rs (x-5) then number of books = \(\frac { 300 }{ x-5 } \)
ATQ \(\frac { 300 }{ x-5 } -\frac { 300 }{ x } =5\Rightarrow \frac { 300-300(x-5) }{ (x-5)x } =5\)
\(\Rightarrow 1500=(5x^{ 2 }-5x)\Rightarrow x^{ 2 }-5x-300=0\)
\(\Rightarrow (x-20)(x+15)=0\Rightarrow x=20,15\) (rejected)
Hence Original list price of a book is Rs 20
14.
Let digit at unit's place = a and digit at ten's place = y
Number = 10y+x
A.T.Q xy=18 \(\Rightarrow y=\frac { 18 }{ x } \) ....(i)
and 10y+x-63=10x+y \(\Rightarrow 9y-9x-63=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y-x-7=0\Rightarrow \frac { 18 }{ x } -x-7=0\)[Using eq(i)]
\(\Rightarrow 18-x^{ 2 }-7x=0\Rightarrow x^{ 2 }+7x-18=0\)
\(\Rightarrow (x+9)(x-2)=0\Rightarrow x=-9,x=2\)
When x=2 ,y = \(\frac { 18 }{ 2 } =9\)
Number = 92
15.
16,13
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