(i) When Vinoba Bhave was delivering a lecture at Pochampalli in Andhra Pradesh, some poor landless villagers demanded some land for their economic well-being.
(ii) Suddenly, Shri Ram Chandra Reddy offered 80 acres of land to be distributed among 80 landless villagers.
(iii) This act was known as 'Bhoodan'.
(iv) Following this some Zamindars, owners of many villages, offered to distribute some villages among the landless.
(v) This act was known as Gramdan.
(vi) This Bhoodan-Gramdan movement initiated by Vinoba Bhave is also known as the Blood-less Revolution.

(i) Agriculture has been the backbone of the Indian economy through its share in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
(ii) It has registered a declining trend from 1951 onwards.
(iii) In 2010-11 about 52 percent of the total workforce was employed by the farm sector.
(iv) Agricultural is a primary activity which produces most of the food that we consume.
(v) It Also produces raw materials for many industries.
(vi) Some agricultural products like tea, coffee ect are also exported. This shows that all sectors of Indian economy depend on agriculture.

(a) Mangoes - Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh
(b) Oranges - Nagpur, Maghalaya
(c) Apples - Jammu Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh
(d) Bananas - Kerela, Mizoram.

The main oilseeds grown in India are groundnut, coconut, sesame, castor, soyabean, linseed and sunflower. Most of them are edible oil used for cooking. Some oilseeds are used as a raw material in the manufacture of soaps, cosmetics and ointments. Leading producers of groundnut are Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra.

(a) Maize is a coarse grain and used as both food and folder.
(b) It is grown under varied soil and climatic conditions.
(c) It grows well in areas of 50 to 100cm o rain and in areas of less rain it is grown under irrigation.
(d) It grows well under temperature between \({ 21 }^{ \circ }C\ and\ { 27 }^{ \circ }C\)grows well in old alluvial soil.
(e) It requires well-drained fertile soil.
(f) It is cultivated mainly as a kharif crop.
(g) Major maize producing states are Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Andhra Pradesh.

(a) Maize is a coarse grain and used as both food and folder.
(b) It is grown under varied soil and climatic conditions.
(c) It grows well in areas of 50 to 100cm o rain and in areas of less rain it is grown under irrigation.
(d) It grows well under temperature between \({ 21 }^{ \circ }C\ and\ { 27 }^{ \circ }C\)grows well in old alluvial soil.
(e) It requires well-drained fertile soil.
(f) It is cultivated mainly as a kharif crop.
(g) Major maize producing states are Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Andhra Pradesh.

It is the type of farming practised mainly for sale. So they produce more than what they require for domestic consumption. Plantation agriculture is an example of commercial farming.
Its characteristics are the following:
(i) Modern inputs like High Yielding Varieties of seeds, Chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides are used.
(ii) The yield per hectare or productivity is very high.
(iii) It is a mechanized farming system in which modern machinery is used.
(iv) Irrigation facilities are available to this farming technique.

The ideal temperature at the time of sowing wheat is 10 to\({ 15 }^{ \circ }C\)and at the time of harvest, it is \(20\ to\ { 25 }^{ \circ }C\). The crop grows well in areas where rainfall is 50to 75 cm. It requires well-drained fertile lands. This crop requires cool growing season and a bright sunshine at the time of ripening. It grows well in two wheat growing zones in India viz. the Ganga Sutlej plains in the north-west and the black soil region in the Deccan. The major areas of wheat cultivation is Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Bihar.

Tea is an important beverage crop in India.
(1) Tea cultivation in India is a classic example of plantation agriculture. It is a tropical as well as a sub-tropical plant.
(2) Tea grows well in deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.
(3) It requires warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year.
(4) It is a labour intensive crop and requires cheap and skilled labour.
(5) The ideal temperature for its growth is 20 to \({ 30 }^{ \circ }C\)and annual rainfall of 150 to 300 cm.
(6) High humidity is good for the rapid development of tender leaves.
Major tea producing  states are Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

Tea is an important beverage crop in India.
(1) Tea cultivation in India is a classic example of plantation agriculture. It is a tropical as well as a sub-tropical plant.
(2) Tea grows well in deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.
(3) It requires warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year.
(4) It is a labour intensive crop and requires cheap and skilled labour.
(5) The ideal temperature for its growth is 20 to \({ 30 }^{ \circ }C\)and annual rainfall of 150 to 300 cm.
(6) High humidity is good for the rapid development of tender leaves.
Major tea producing states are Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

(a) Agricultural is not generating sufficient employment opportunities in the country.
(b) The growth rate in agriculture is decelerating which is an alarming situation.
(c) Today, Indian farmers are facing a big challenge from international competition and our government is going ahead with reduction in the public investment in agriculture sector particularly in irrigation, power, rural roads, market and mechanization.

(a) Today, Indian farmers are facing a big challenge from international competition and our government is going ahead with reduction in the public investment in agriculture sector particularly in irrigation, power, rural roads, market and mechanization.
(b) Subsidy on fertilizers is decreased leading to increase in the cost of production.
(c) Moreover, reduction in import duties on agricultural products has proved detrimental to agricultural in the country.
(d) Farmers are withdrawing their investment from agriculture causing a downfall in the employment in agriculture.

(i) Tea is one of the important beverage crops. Geographical conditions required for tea cultivation are
(a) Tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climate with warm and moist frost free condition, throughout the year.
(b) It requires deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.
(c) Frequent showers evenly distributed over the years are necessary condition for the growth of tender leaves.
(ii) Rice is the staple crop of India. It is grown in the areas of heavy rainfall. For example, the North and North-Eastern parts and coastal areas and deltaic regions.
With the help of irrigation rice is also grown in areas of less rainfall. For e.g. Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh and parts of Rajasthan.
In states like Assam, West Bengal and Odisha, three crops of paddy (rice) are grown in a year.
(iii) The following institutional programmes have been introduced by the government in the interest of the farmers
The government has established the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), agricultural universities and animal breeding centres. These have been set up to carry out research and development activities in agriculture.
The government is also investing in rural infrastructure to link the rural market with the international market.
The Kisan Credit Card (KCC), personal and crop insurance schemes, etc have been launched.
A comprehensive Land Development Programme (LDP) has also been launched.