(a) Difference between myelinated and non-myelinated axons are as follows

Myelinated	Non-myelinated
The Myelinated nerve fibres are enveloped with Schwann cells, which form a myelin sheath around the axon	Unmyelinatednerve fibers are enclosed by a Schwann cell that does not form a myelin sheath around the axon.
Myelinated nerve fibres are found in spinal and cranial nerves.	These are commonly found in autonomous and the somatic nervous systems.

(b) Difference between dendrites and axons are as follows:

Dendrites	Axon
These are short fibres which branch repeatedly and project out of the cell body and also contain Nissl's granules.	The axon is a long branched fibre, which terminates as a bulb-like structure called synaptic vesicles containing chemicals called neurotransmitters.
These fibres transmit impulses towards the cell body.	The axons transmit nerve impulses away from the cell body to a synapse.
Its branches terminate into bulb-like synaptic knobs.	Their branches do not have synaptic knobs.

(c) Thalamus and Hypothalamus

Thalamus	Hypothalamus
The cerebrum wraps around a structural part of brain called thalamus	It lies at the base of the thalamus
All types of sensory input passes synapses to the thalamus.	It contains neurosecretory cells that secrete hypothalamus hormones
It controls emotional and memory function.	It regulates, sexual behaviour expression of emotional reaction and motivation.

(d) Cerebrum and Cerebellum

Cerebrum	Cerebellum
It is the most developed part in brain	It is the second developed part of brain also called as little cerebrum
A deep cleft divides cerebrum into two cerebral hemispheres	Externally the whole surface contains gyri and sulci
Its functions are intelligence, learning, memory, speech, etc.	It contains centres for coordination and error checking during motor and cognition.

When the body is in circular motion on a merry-go-round the circular canals of the internal ear are also on circular motion. Once the merry-go-round stops, it takes time for fine silica particles in circular canal to come in rest. As they are responsible for maintaining the balance of the body so a sense of giddiness prevails till the time silica particles come into proper position.

Eustachian tube helps in equalizing pressure on both sides of the eardrum.

The main function of cochlea is to convert sound waves into neural impulses to be sent to the brain.

In case of danger when voluntary organs act involuntarily to save itself from danger  the action is called reflex action

Synapses connect neurons and help transmit information from one neuron to the next. When a nerve signal reaches the end of the neuron, it cannot simply continue to the next cell. Instead, it must trigger the release of neurotransmitters which can then carry the impulse across the synapse to the next neuron.

Hind brain

Forebrain.

Along with the hypothalamus, it is involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour, expression of emotional reactions, e.g., pleasure, excitement, rage and fear and motivation.

Right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum are connected by corpus callosum. Each hemisphere is divided into frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe and occipital lobe.

The labyrinth is an important part of our internal ear. It consists of vestibular (balance) system. It gets distributed during journey to higher altitude so person feels dizzy

External auditory canal, eardrum, malleus,incus, stapes, cochlea and cochlear nerve.

This process accounts for the greater speed of an impluse travelling along a myelinated neuron than along a non-myelinated  one. It is upto 50 times faster than the non-myelinated nerve fibre.

The organised network of point-to-point connection for quick coordination provided by neural system is called neural coordination. The mechanism of neural coordination involves transmission of nerve impluse, impluse conduction across a synapse and the physiology of reflex action.

Resting potential The electrical potential difference across the plasma membarance is called the Compare the following resting potential
Action potential It is another name of nerve impluse. The action potential is an electrical signal that travels along an axon.