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Published on: 14/09/2019
Units and Measurements
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Questions + Answers key
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1.
What does LASER stand for?
2.
Name four units used ill the measurement of extremely short distances.
3.
What is the order of precision of an atomic clock?
4.
Define Atomic mass unit (a.m.u.).
5.
What are derived units?
6.
Check the correctness of the relation \({ \nu }^{ 2 }-{ u }^{ 2 }=2as\)by method of dimensions. The symbol have their using usual meaning.
7.
If \(x=a+bt+c{ t }^{ 2 }\), where x is in metre and t in second, what are the units of a,b, and c?
8.
If unit of force, velocity and energy are 100 dyne, 10c m/s and 400 ergs, respectively. What will be the unit of mass, length and time?
9.
In CGS system, the value of Stefan's constant \(\left( \sigma \right) \) is 5.67 x 10-5 ergs-1cm-2K-4. Write down its value in SI units.
10.
Magnitude of force F experienced by a certain object moving with speed \(\nu \)i s given by F = \(k\nu ^{ 2 }\), where k is constant. Find the dimensions of K.
11.
Calculate the surface area of a solid cylinder of diameter 4 cm and height 20 cm in mm2
12.
What is common between bar and torr?
13.
Which of the following length measurement is most accurate and why? 40.00 cm
14.
Express an acceleration of 10 m/s2 in km/h2.
15.
A new unit of length is chosen such that the speed of light in vacuum is unity. What is the distance between the Sun and the Earth in terms of the new unit if light takes 8 min and 20 s to cover this distance ?
1.
LASER stands for 'Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation'.
2.
1 micron (1\(\mu \) ) = 10-6 m
1 nanometre (1 nm) = 10-9 m
3.
About 1 in 1012 to 1013 s.
4.
1 a.m.u. = \(\frac{1}{12}\) th mass of carbon-12 atom, i.e., 1.66 x 10-27 kg.
5.
Units of those physical quantities which are derived from the fundamental units are called derived units.
6.
The relation is given as \({ \nu }^{ 2 }-{ u }^{ 2 }=2as\)
On LHS Dimension of \({ \nu }^{ 2 }=\left[ { L }^{ 2 }T^{ -2 } \right]\)
\( \\ { u }^{ 2 }=\left[ { L }T^{ -1 } \right] ^{ 2 }=\left[ { L }^{ 2 }{ T }^{ -2 } \right] \)
RHS 2 as = \(\left[ LT^{ -2 } \right] \left[ L \right] =\left[ { L }^{ 2 }{ T }^{ -2 } \right] \)
As dimensions of both terms on LHS are equal to the dimensions of RHS, the relation is dimensionally correct.
7.
As \(x=a+bt+c{ t }^{ 2 }\), where x in metre and t in second. Hence, in accordance with the principle of homogeneity of dimensions, we have
Unit of a = x = metre
Unit of b = unit of \(\frac { x }{ t } \) = \({ m }/{ s }\) and
Unit of c = unit of \(\frac { x }{ { t }^{ 2 } } \) = \({ m }/{ (s) }^{ 2 }\)
8.
4 g, 4 cm,0.4
9.
5.67 x 10-8 Js-1m-2K-4
10.
Since, F = kν2
Hence, \( [k]=\frac { [F] }{ [\nu ^{ 2 }] } \)
\(\\ =\frac { [MLT^{ -2 }] }{ [LT^{ -1 }]^{ 2 } } = [{ M }^{ 1 }L^{ -1 }]\)
11.
27657.1 mm2
12.
Both bar and torr are the units of pressure.
1 bar = 1 atmospheric pressure = 760 mm of Hg column
= 105N/m2
1 torr = 1mm of Hg column
1 bar = 760 torr
13.
\(\frac { \triangle x }{ x } =\frac { 0.01 }{ 40.00 } =0.00025\)
14.
Acceleration = (10 m/(1s)2)
= (10 x 10-3 / [1/60 x 60])2
= (3600)2 x 10-2 km/h2
= 1.29 x 105 km/h2.
15.
The speed of light (c) = 1 new unit of length s-1
Time taken by light to reach the earth t = 8 min + 20 s = (8 x 60 x 20) s = 500 s
Distance between the sun and the earth = speed of light X time
x = c x t = 1 new unit of length s-1 x 500 s
= 500 new unit of length
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