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Published on: 26/05/2021
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1.
Let \(T=[x:\frac{x+5}{x-7}-5=\frac{4x-40}{13x-x}]\) Is T an empty set? Justify your answer.
2.
For every positive integer n, prove that 7n-2n is divisible by 5.
3.
Prove that \(\cos\theta\cos2\theta\cos2^{ 2 }\theta ...{ \cos2 }^{ n-1 }\theta =\frac { { \sin2 }^{ n }\theta }{ { 2 }^{ n }\sin\theta } for\ all\ n\in N.\)
4.
Two finite sets have m and n elements. The number of subsets of the first set is 112 more than that of the second set.Find the values of m and n.
5.
Let F1 be the set of parallelograms, F2 be the set of rectangles, F3 be the set of rhombus and F4 be the set of squares. Then, show that F1 is equal to the union of all sets.
1.
Y={10}
2.
\(Step\quad I\quad Let\quad P(n)\quad be\quad the\quad given\quad statement. i.e.P(n):{ 7 }^{ n }-{ 2 }^{ n }is\quad divisible\quad by\quad 5.\)
\(Step\quad II\quad For\quad n=1,\quad we\quad have\quad P(1):{ 7 }^{ 1 }-{ 2 }^{ 1 }=5\)
Which is divisible by 5.
Thus,P(1) is true.
\(Step\quad III\quad Let\quad us\quad assume\quad that\quad P(n)\quad is\quad true\quad for\quad n=k. i.e.P(k):{ 7 }^{ k }-{ 2 }^{ k }is\quad divisible\quad by\quad 5.\)
\(Then\quad { 7 }^{ k }-{ 2 }^{ k }\quad =5d\quad for\quad some\quad d\in N.\)
\(\Rightarrow { 7 }^{ k }=5d+{ 2 }^{ k },for\quad some\quad d\in N.\quad ...(i)\)
Step IV Now, we shall prove the statement for n=k+1.
For this, we have to show that N.
\({ 7 }^{ k+1 }-{ 2 }^{ k+1 }is\quad divisible\quad by\quad 5.\)
\(Then,\quad { 7 }^{ k+1 }-{ 2 }^{ k+1 }={ 7 }^{ k }.7-{ 2 }^{ k+1 }\)
\(=7(5d+{ 2 }^{ k })-{ 2.2 }^{ k }\quad \quad [from\quad Eq.(i)]\)
\(=35d+7.2k-{ 2.2 }^{ k }=35d+{ 5.2 }^{ k }\)
\(=5(7d+{ 2 }^{ k }),which\quad s\quad divisible\quad by\quad 5.\)
Thus,P(k+1) is true, when ever P(k) is true.Hence,by principle of mathematical induction,P(n) is true for all n∈N.
3.
Step I Let P(n) be the given statement.i.e., P(n) :\(cos\theta \ cos2\theta \ { cos2 }^{ 2 }\theta ...{ cos2 }^{ n-1 }\theta =\frac { { sin2 }^{ n }\theta }{ { 2 }^{ n }sin\theta } \)
Step II For n = 1, we have, LHS = \(cos\theta\) and \(RHS=\frac { sin2\theta }{ { 2 }sin\theta } =\frac { { 2 }sin\theta cos\theta }{ { 2 }sin\theta } =cos\theta \)
\(\therefore\) LHS = RHS P (1) is true.
Step III Let us assume that P(k) is true. i.e., P(k) : \(cos\theta \ cos2\theta \ { cos2 }^{ 2 }\theta ...{ cos2 }^{ k-1 }\theta =\frac { { sin2 }^{ k }\theta }{ { 2 }^{ k }sin\theta } \ ...(i)\)
Step IV Now, we shall prove the statement for n = k + 1
For this, we have to show that
\({ cos2 }^{ 2 }\theta ...{ cos2 }^{ (k+1)-1 }\theta \quad \frac { { sin2 }^{ k+1 }\theta }{ { 2 }^{ k+1 }sin\theta }\)
\(Then \ LHS=cos\theta \ cos2\theta \ { cos2 }^{ 2 }\theta ...{ cos2 }^{ k }\theta \)
\(=cos\theta \ cos2\theta \ { cos2 }^{ 2 }\theta ...{ cos2 }^{ k-1 }\theta \ { cos2 }^{ k }\theta\)
\(=\frac { { sin2 }^{ k }\theta }{ { 2 }^{ k }sin\theta } .{ cos2 }^{ k }\theta\)
\([Multiplying \ numerator \ and \ denominator \ by \ 2]\)
\(=\frac { { sin2.(2 }^{ k }\theta ) }{ { 2 }^{ k+1 }sin\theta } \ \ [\because 2sin\theta \ cos\theta =sin2\theta ]\)
\(=\frac { { sin2 }^{ k+1 }\theta }{ { 2 }^{ k+1 }sin\theta } =RHS\)
\(Thus, \ P(k+1) \ is \ true, \ whenever \ P(k) \ is \ true.\)
\(Hence, \ by \ principle \ of \ mathematical \ induction, \ P(n) \ is \ true \ for \ all \ n\in N\)
4.
Let the two sets be A and B such that n(A) =m and n(B) =n.
Then, number of subsets of set A=2m
and the number of the subset of set B=2n
According to given condition, we have
2m=112+2n\(\Rightarrow\)2m-2n=27-24
On comparing both sides, we get
2m=27 and 2n = 24 \(\Rightarrow\)m=7 and n= 4
5.
All rectangles, Rhombus and square are parallelograms because its opposite sides are equal and parallel.
Therefore \({ F }_{ 2 }\subset { F }_{ 1 },{ F }_{ 3 }\subset { F }_{ 1 }\) and \({ F }_{ 4 }\subset { F }_{ 1 }\)
\({ F }_{ 1 }={ F }_{ 2 }\cup { F }_{ 3 }\subset { F }_{ 4 }\)
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