Electric bell consists of an iron hammer around which a wire is wound. When current is passed by pressing the button, the wire turns into a temporary magnet. The hammer is attracted towards gong to make sound. When this strikes, the current is disconnected automatically. It happens due to shift arrangement in it. The magnetic property of wire is lost and it comes back to its original position through a spring. In this way, we get separated hammering, resulting in ringing of an electric bell

When current is passed through a coil of wire then the coil behaves like a magnet. One end of coil acts as north pole and other end acts as south pole When the electric current is swithed off, the coil generally loses its magnetism. Such coils are called electromagnets. The electromagnets are very strong and their power can be increased so they are very important.
Two important applications (uses)of electromagnets are:
(i)They are used in electric bells, telegraphs telephones and speakers etc 
(ii) They are used in cranes to lift heavy loads of scrap iron or iron sheets

Electric circuit: The path along which an electric current can flow is called electric circuit. The components of an electric circuit are
(i) The cell or battery-The source of electrical energy,
(ii) The connecting wires or conductors,
(iii) The bulb-that uses the current,
(iv) Switch-to close or open the circuit.
The simplified circuit diagram is given below with components and their symbols:

(a) When live and neutral wire touches each other directly then it leads to short circuit in which the large amount of current flows through the household wiring and this large current may heat the wires to a dangerously high temperature and a fire may be started.
(b) Pulkit's father seems very sensible in taking the decisions and he showed a very great concern towards his son.

(a) No, the amount of heat produced in both the wires will be different because amount of heat produced in a wire on passing electric current depends on the length of wire and here length is different for both the wires.
(b) No, the amount of heat produced in the wire of same length but different thickness cannot be same because amount of heat produced in a wire also depends on the thickness of the wire.

Overloading can be avoided if too many appliances are not connected to a single socket. Short circuiting is a name given to a situation in which the live and the neutral wires accidently come in contact.
Electric fuse is a safety device. When a short circuit takes place or when overloading takes place, then the current becomes large and heats the fuse wire too much and thus, it gets melted and circuit breaks which prevents the damage of the wiring and electrical appliances.

(a) The electric iron works on the basis of heating effect of electric current.
(b) The values showed by Pinki here is a great concern and love towards her own 4 years old daughter.

(i) The wire gets hot when electric current passes through it. This property of electric current is called as heating effect of current.
(iii) Electric Bulb and Hair Dryer
(iii) Electric Fuse

(a) Part of electricity supplied produced heating effect.
(b) Electricity produces two effects:
(i) Heating effect.
(ii) Magnetic effect.
(c)The electricity supplied is mostly used to produce light and heating effect is minimum.

An electric bulb is used for light but it also gives heat. This is not desirable. This results in the wastage of electricity. This wastage can be reduced by using fluorescent tube lights (CFLs)in place of the bulbs. CFLs are also used to reduce wastage of electricity. There are compact fluorescent lamps. These can be fixed in ordinary bulbs holders.