Study the following graph showing the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of enzyme activity and answer the questions that follow:

(a) Define what is represented by A.
(b) What does C represent in the graph?
(c) Why is there no further increase in the velocity of enzyme action with addition of substrate?

The following graph shows the concept of activation energy.

Study the graph and answer the following questions
(i) What do the letters 'a', 'b', 'c' and 'd' represent in the graph?
(il) What is activation energy?

All enzymes (except ribozymes) are proteins. An enzyme, like any other protein, has a primary, secondary and tertiary structure. The protein functions as enzyme in its tertiary structure, where active sites are formed.
(a) What is active site of an enzyme?
(b) How are active sites formed?
(e) Mention one major difference between inorganic catalysts and enzyme catalysts.

The tens and thousands of chemical compounds, called metabolites in a living organism are in a flux and the living state is a non-equilibrium steady-state. Metabolic inputs of energy prevent an equilibrium to be reached.
(a) Why is living state considered a non-equilibrium state?
(b) Living state and metabolism are considered synonymous. Justify the statement.

Study the molecular structure of the biomolecule given and answer the following questions.
(a) Identify the molecule shown.
(b) what do R1, R_2, and R₃ in the molecule represent?
(c) Name the alcohol involved in it. Give its another name.

Study the changes in the structure of an amino acid shown above and answer the following questions.
(a) Mention the specific property of amino acids shown in the above structures. What is its consequence?
(b) What term is given to the form of amino acid in B?

The molecular structures of three amino acids are given above.
(a) Identify the amino acids A, Band C
(b) Mention their respective variable group (designated as R-group).

All the chemical elements found in a sample of earth's crust are also present in a sample of living tissue. But a critical chemical analysis shows that the relative abundance of carbon and hydrogen with respect to other elements is higher in the living organisms.
(a) Name the most abundant chemical compound in living organisms.
(b) What term is given to the carbon compounds in living cells?
(c) Name any two functional groups of such compounds.
(d) Name any two elements present in the 'ash' of plants.

The steps in the chemical analysis of a living tissue sample are shown below. Fill in the blanks A, B, C, D, E and. F.