Given below is a flow chart showing the interrelationship among different metabolic pathways.

Study the flow chart given above and answer the following questions.
(a) Identify the respective chemical compounds that the letters A, B, C, D, and E represent.
(b) Why is the respiratory pathway appropriately designated as amphibolic pathway?

A list of enzymes is given below:
(i) Lactic dehydrogenase
(ii) Ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase
(iii) Cytochrome oxidase.
(iv) Pyruvic dehydrogenase
(v) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
(vi) ATP synthetase
Select two enzymes each that are involved in
(a) Respiration only.
(b) Photosynthesis only.
(c) Both respiration and photosynthesis.

(a) What does the above diagram represent?
(b) What do the letters A, B, C and D represent?
(c) Which among them undergoes conformational changes?

The summary equation for a particular phase of respiration is given below. Study the equation and answer the questions that follow.
\(\begin{aligned} \ { Pyruvic \ \ acid }+4 \mathrm{NAD}^{+}+\mathrm{FAD}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{ADP}+\mathrm{P}_{i} \longrightarrow 3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+4 \mathrm{NADH}+4 \mathrm{H}^{+}+\mathrm{FADH}_{2}+\mathrm{ATP} \end{aligned} \)(a) What does the equation represent?
(b) Where does this process take place?
(c) How many ATPs can be formed from 4NADH and one FADH₂ shown 'in the equation?

Study the equation given below and answer the questions that follow:
\(\begin{aligned} \text { Pyruvic acid }+\mathbf{C o A}+\mathbf{N A D}^{+} \frac{\mathbf{M g}^{2+}}{(\mathrm{A})} \ { Acetyl } \mathbf{C o A}+\mathbf{C O}_{2}+\mathbf{N A D H}+\mathbf{H}^{+} \end{aligned}\) 
(a) Name the type of reaction, the pyruvic acid undergoes.
(b) Where does this process take place?
(c) Name the enzyme \(\text { (A) }\) involved in the reaction.
(d) What is the fate of acetyl CoA formed?

The flow chart given below represents the major pathways of anaerobic respiration. Answer the questions that follow:

(a) Identify A, B, C and D.
(b) Name the two enzymes involved in the conversion of pyruvic acid to C.

A simplified form of glycolysis is shown in the flow chart given below, where pyruvic acid is the end product.

Write the three metabolic fates, A, Band C of the pyruvic acid and mention against each aerobic or anaerobic condition.
 

A process is occurring throughout the day in an organism 'X'. Cells of the body do participate in the process. During the process, ATP, CO2 and water are formed. It is not a light-dependent process.
(a) Name the process.
(b) Is it a catabolic process or an anabolic process?
(c) What could be the raw material for this process?