Based on the current academic syllabus, some of the important questions are prepared from the chapter Metals and Non-Metals.
The important questions are covers from the Higher Order Thinking Questions and Value Based Questions.

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Questions:

Generic 2

10 x 2 = 20

Explain why calcium metal after reacting With water starts floating on its surface. Write the chemical equation for the reaction.

Name the metal which reacts with a very dilute HNO₃ to evolve hydrogen gas.

Name a non-metal which is lustrous and a metal which is non-lustrous.

State two physical properties of gold which are of extreme use to jewellers.

Name a reducing agent that may be used to obtain manganese from manganese dioxide.

What are ionic bonds?

Name the constituents of solder alloy. Which property of solder makes it suitable for welding electrical wires?

What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.

Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

10.

Explain the meanings of malleable and ductile.

Multiple Choice Question

10 x 1 = 10

11.

Which of the following can undergo a chemical reaction?

(a)

MgSO₄ + Fe

(b)

ZnSO₄ + Fe

(c)

MgSO₄ + Pb

(d)

CuSO₄ + Fe

12.

Electrical wires have a coating of an insulating material. The material, generally used is

(a)

Sulphur

(b)

Graphite

(c)

PVC

(d)

All can be used

13.

Although metals form basic oxides, which of the following metals form an amphoteric oxide?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

14.

Which among the following alloys contain mercury as one of its constituents?

(a)

Stainless steel

(b)

Alnico

(c)

Solder

(d)

Zinc amalgam

15.

Which among the following statements is incorrect for magnesium metal?

(a)

It burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame.

(b)

It reacts with cold water to form magnesium oxide and evolves hydrogen gas

(c)

It reacts with hot water to form magnesium hydroxide and evolves hydrogen gas.

(d)

It reacts with steam to form magnesium hydroxide and evolves hydrogen gas.

16.

Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of a metal with a metal or nonmetal. Which among the following alloys contain non-metal as one of its constituents?

(a)

Brass

(b)

Bronze

(c)

Amalgam

(d)

Steel

17.

The composition of aqua-regia is

(a)

Dil.HCl : Conc.HNO₃ [3 : 1]

(b)

Conc.HCl : Dil.HNO₃ [3 : 1]

(c)

Conc.HCl : Conc.HNO₃ [3 : 1]

(d)

Dil.HCl : Dil.HNO₃ [3 : 1]

18.

Which one of the following metals do not react with cold as well as hot water?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

19.

The ability of metals to be drawn into thin wire is known as

(a)

Ductility

(b)

malleability

(c)

Sonorousity

(d)

conductivity

20.

Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?

(a)

NaCl solution and copper metal

(b)

MgCl₂ solution and aluminium metal

(c)

FeSO₄ solution and silver metal

(d)

AgNO₃ solution and copper metal

Generic 5

2 x 5 = 10

21.

(a) What is an 'activity series' of metals? Arrange the metals Zn, Mg, Al, Cu and Fe in a decreasing order of reactivity.
(b) What would you observe when you put
(i) Some zinc pieces into blue copper sulphate solution?
(ii) Some copper pieces into green ferrous sulphate solution?
(c) Name a metal which combines with hydrogen gas. Name the compound formed.

22.

Explain the following
(a) Reactivity of Al decreases if it is dipped in HNO₃.
(b) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg
(c) NaCl is not a conductor of electricity in solid state whereas it does conduct electricity in aqueous solution as well as in molten state.
(d) Iron articles are galvanised
(e) Metals like Na, K, Ca and Mg are never found in their free state in nature.

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

23.

Write three differences between metals and non-metals on the basis of chemical properties.

24.

List three properties of sodium in which it differs from the general physical properties of most metals.

25.

Point out any 3 differences between calcination and roasting.

26.

State five points of differences between ionic compound and covalent compound.

27.

(a) Name the chief ore of iron. Write its formula.
(b) How is an iron ore concentrated? Describe it briefly.
(c) Draw a labelled diagram of the blast furnace used in the extraction of iron from its concentrated ore.

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

10 x 2 = 20

Calcium starts floating because the bubbles of hydrogen gas formed sticks to the surface of the metal.
Ca + 2H₂O \(\rightarrow \) Ca(OH)₂ + H₂

Manganese or Magnesium.

Non-metal (lustrous) = Iodine (I)
Metal (non-lustrous) = Sodium (Na)

Malleability, ductility, lustrous (Any two).

Aluminium.

Bonds formed between a metal and a non-metal by the transfer of electrons are known as ionic bonds.
e.g., Na⁺+Cl⁻→NaCl

Solder is an alloy of lead and tin. Low melting point of solder makes it suitable for welding electrical wires.

The metallic oxides which show the properties of acids as well as bases are called amphoteric oxides. It means that they react with both bases and acids to form salt and water.
e.g. ZnO and Al₂O₃
ZnO(s) + 2HCl(aq) \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl₂ (aq) + H₂O(l)
Zinc oxide (As a base) Hydrochloric acid Zinc chloride Water
ZnO(s) + 2NaOH(aq) \(\rightarrow\) Na₂ZnO₂(aq) + H₂O(l)
Zinc oxide (As an acid) Sodium hydroxide Sodium zincare Water

In ionic compounds, strong electrostatic forces of attraction are present between the oppositely charged ions. When these compounds are heated, a lot of heat energy is consumed to break these strong electrostatic forces of attraction during melting. Therefore, ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.

10.

Malleable A substance or material, which can be beaten into thin sheets is called malleable, e.g. metals like Ag (silver), Au (gold) etc.
Ductile A substance capable of being drawn into thin wires is called ductile, e.g, metals like Ag, Au etc.

Multiple Choice Question

10 x 1 = 10

11.

(d)
CuSO₄ + Fe

12.

13.

14.

(d)
Zinc amalgam

15.

(b)
It reacts with cold water to form magnesium oxide and evolves hydrogen gas

16.

(d)
Steel

17.

18.

(d)
Fe

19.

(a)
Ductility

20.

(d)
AgNO₃ solution and copper metal

Generic 5

2 x 5 = 10

21.

(a) The arrangement of metals in a vertical column in the order of decreasing reactivity is called the 'activity series' of metals.
Following is the order of decreasing order of reactivity:
Cu> Fe> Zn> AI> Mg
(b) (i) When some zinc is put into blue copper sulphate solution, the blue colour of the copper sulphate solution fades gradually due to the formation of colourless zinc sulphate and red-brown copper metal is deposited on the zinc strip.
\(\underset { Coppersulphate\\ \quad (blue) }{ { CuSO }_{ 4 }(aq) } +\underset { Zinc }{ Zn } \rightarrow \underset { Zincsulphate\\ (Colourless) }{ { ZnSO }_{ 4 }(aq) } +\underset { \quad Copper\\ (Red-brown) }{ Cu(s) } \)
(ii) No reaction will take place since copper is less reactive than iron and hence will not displace it from ferrous sulphate solution.
(c) Sodium metal combines with hydrogen gas to form sodium hydride.
\(\underset { Sodiummetal }{ 2Na(s) } +\underset { Hydrogengas }{ { H }_{ 2 }(g) } \rightarrow \underset { Sodiumhydride }{ 2NaH(s) } \)

22.

(a) Due to the formation of a layer of oxide i.e., Al₂O₃
(b) Na or Mg is more reactive metals as compared to carbon.
(c) In solid NaCI, the movement of ions is not possible due to its rigid structure but in aqueous solution or molten state, the ions can move freely.
(d) To protect from corrosion.
(e) They are highly reactive.

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

23.

Three differences between metals and non-metals on the basis of chemical properties:

S.No.	Basis	Metals	Non-metals
1	Reaction with oxygen	Almost all metals react with oxygen to form metal oxide. 4Na + O₂ \(\longrightarrow \) 2Na₂O	Non-metals react with oxygen to form acidic oxides. C + O₂ \(\longrightarrow \) CO₂
2	Reaction With water	Only reactive metals react with water to form oxides or hydroxides and liberate hydrogen gas. 2K(s) + 2H₂ O(l)\(\longrightarrow \)2KOH(aq) + H₂(g)	Non-metals do not displace hydrogen from water too.
3	Reaction with diluted acid	All metals react with diluted acids to produce salt and hydrogen gas. Zn + 2HCI(dil)\(\longrightarrow \)ZnCL₂ + H₂	Non-metals also displace hydrogen from water too.

24.

Three properties of sodium are:
(i) Sodium is so soft that it can be cut with a knife.
(ii) It has low density.
(iii) It has low melting point.

25.

Calcination		Roasting
1.	Heating the carbonate ore in the absence of oxygen is called calcination.	1.	Heating the sulphide ores in the presence of oxygen is called roasting.
2	CO₂ gas is evolved.	2.	SO₂ gas is evolved.
3.	\({ ZnCO }_{ 3 }\underrightarrow { Heat } ZnO+{ CO }_{ 2 }\)	3.	\(2ZnS+{ 3O }_{ 2 }\rightarrow ZnO+{ SO }_{ 2 }\)

26.

Ionic Compound		Covalent Compound
1.	Ionic compounds contain ionic bond made up of ions.	1.	Covalent compounds contain covalent bond made up of no ions.
2.	Loss and gain of electrons takes place.	2.	Sharing of electrons takes places.
3	Can conduct electricity.	3.	Cannot conduct electricity.
4.	Has high melting point.	4.	Has low melting point.
5.	Are soluble in water.	5.	Are insoluble in water.

27.

Haematite (Fe₂O₃) is an important ore of iron.
In the upper part of the blast furnace, carbon monoxide reduces iron (III) oxide to iron metal.
\(\underset { Iron(III)oxide }{ { Fe }_{ 2 }{ O }_{ 3 } } +\underset { Carbonmonoxide }{ 3CO(g) } \rightarrow \underset { Ironmetal }{ 2Fe(I) } +\underset { Carbondioxide }{ { 3CO }_{ 2 }(g) } \)
Following reactions are involved in the blast furnace:
(i) Formation of carbon monoxide
\(\underset { Carbon }{ C(s) } +\underset { Oxygen }{ { O }_{ 2 }(g) } \rightarrow \underset { Carbondioxide }{ { CO }_{ 2 }(g) } +Heat\\ \underset { Carbondioxide }{ { CO }_{ 2 }(g) } +\underset { Coke }{ C(s) } \rightarrow \underset { Carbonmonoxide }{ 2CO(g) } \)
(ii) Reduction of iron (III) oxide or haematite to iron
\(\underset { Iron(III)oxide }{ { Fe }_{ 2 }{ O }_{ 3 } } +\underset { Carbonmonoxide }{ 3CO(g) } \rightarrow \underset { Ironmetal }{ 2Fe(I) } +\underset { Carbondioxide }{ { 3CO }_{ 2 }(g) } \)