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Published on: 31/07/2018
In this chapter Popular Struggles and Movements contains important questions in CBSE 10th Standard Science. It also covered with most important questions in Popular Struggles and Movements.
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Take MCQ Social Science Test

1.
Distinguish between sectional interest groups and public interest groups with examples.
2.
Briefly mention the organization which contributed to popular movement in Bolivia
3.
What is a movement?Explain the difference between a movement and a Pressure Group.
4.
Differentiate between sectional interest groups and public interest groups with examples.
5.
Enlist the differences between the movement in Nepal and Bolivia
6.
Justify with three points that democracy evolves through popular struggles.
7.
Distinguish between pressure groups and political parties by stating any one point of distinction.
8.
What is a pressure group?Give a few examples.
9.
In what ways do pressure groups and movement exert influence on politics?
10.
What gave rise to the struggle in Bolivia in 2000?
11.
Which pressure group seeks to promote collective good?
12.
Which organisation led the protest against water privatisation in Bolivia?
13.
Why did the people of Bolivia protests in the year 2000?
14.
In which year did Nepal become a constitutional monarchy?
15.
What re the differences between a pressure group and political party?
16.
Which of the following is not a sectional interest group?
Trade unions
Business associations
Professional groups
Bolivia organisation, FEDECOR
17.
Which party of Nepal did not believe in parliamentary democracy?
Socialist Party
Communist Part (Maoist)
Congress Party
None of these
18.
Which is the capital of Nepal?
Colombo
Delhi
Kathmandu
Karachi
19.
When was the king Birendra killed?
April 1, 2001
May 1, 2001
June 1, 2001
July 1, 2001
20.
When did Nepal become a constitutional monarchy?
1980
1990
2000
2006
21.
Narmada Bachao Andolan is a good example of
Interest group
Political p
Pressure group
Movement group
22.
Which of these takes direct part in elections?
Interest groups
Sectional groups
Political parties
Pressure groups
23.
Democracy can be evolved through
Popular struggle
mass Mobilization
New Political Organizations
All of these
24.
When was democracy restored in Nepa?
April 2005
April 2004
April 2007
April 2006
25.
Who was the last king of Nepal?
King Birendra
King Gyanendra
King Raj Bahadur
King Vir Pratap
1.
The following table shows the comparative analysis of sectional interest groups and public interest groups.
| sectional interest groups | Public interest groups |
| (a)Sectional interest groups promote interest of a particular section or group of society. | (a)Public interest groups promote the general interests of the society as a whole. |
| (b)The main aim of the sectional interest groups is selective good | (b)The main aim of the public interest groups is collective good. |
| (c)Sectional interest groups represent only a section or group of society, hence they are called sectional interest groups. Example:Trade Unions, business associations and professional bodies |
(c)Public interest groups represent the common people of the society hence they are called public interest groups. Example: BAMCEF |
2.
(i)In Bolivia the popular struggle was led by FEDECOR which comprised of local professionals, engineers and environmentalists.
(ii)Political parties: the movement against privatization of water was also supported by the Socialist Party.In 2006, this political party came into power in Bolivia.
3.
A Movement is a form is a form of collective action which also tries to influence government policies or politics.
Difference between a Movement and a Pressure Group:
| S.No | Movmement | Pressure Group |
| 1. | It has loose organisation | It has strong organization |
| 2. | They depend on spontaneous mass participation | They depend on interest groups supporting them. |
4.
| Sectional interest groups | Public interest groups |
| (i)They seel to promote the interest of a particular section or group of society. | (i)They seek to promote collective interest rather than selective good |
| (ii)They are sectional groups because they represent a section society | (ii)They are public groups because they represent the general people of the society. |
| (iii)For example, FEDECOR (Bolivian organization). | (iii)For example, BAMCEF (Backward and Minorities Community Employee Federation). |
5.
(i)The movement in Nepal was to establish democracy, while the struggle in Bolivia involved claims on an elected, democratic government.
(ii)The popular struggle in Bolivia was about one specific policy, while the struggle in
(iii)Nepal was about the foundations of the country's politics.Both these struggles were successful but their impact was at different levels.
(iv)The popular struggle in Nepal was against Constitutional monarchy and to establish a democratic Government.The popular struggle in Bolivia was against a Government policy, privatization of water supply.
6.
(i)Democracy evolves through popular struggles.Example-Nepal and Bolivia.It is possible that some significant decisions may take place through consensus and may not involve any conflict at all.But that would be an exception.
(ii)democratic conflict is resolved through mass mobilization.Sometimes it is possible that the conflict is resolved by using the existing institutions like the parliament or the judiciary.
(iii)These conflict and mobilizations are based on new political organizations.True, there is an element of spontaneity in all such historic moments.But the spontaneous public participation becomes effective with help of organized politics.There can be many agencies of organized politics.These include political parties, pressure groups and movement groups.
7.
The major difference between pressure groups and political parties, pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power
8.
A pressure group is an organisation which attempts to influence government policies through protest and demonstrations.Pressure groups are formed when people with similar opinions get together for similar objectives.Examples of pressure groups are FEDECOR and BAMCEF.
9.
Pressure groups and movements exert influence on politicals in variety of ways.
(i) They try gain public support and sympathy for their cause by carrying out information campaigns, organising meetings, filing petitions, etc.
(ii) By organising strikes and disruptions, they seek to make the government take note of their demands.
(iii) They also influence decision-making by lobbying.
(iv) The issues raised by theme often influence the policies of political parties.
(v) Formation of new political parties.
10.
( )
In the year 200, there was a popular struggle in Volivia against privatization and subsequent increase in the price of water.
11.
( )
Wangari Mauthail.
12.
( )
FEDECOR
13.
( )
The protest was against the government selling water rights to MNCs.
14.
( )
1990
15.
(i)A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government where as a pressure group is an organization formed when people with common occupation, interest, aspirations or opinions come together in order to achieve a common objective
(ii)Pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power as political parties do.
(iii)Political parties have to face the people in elections, but pressure groups are not accountable to the people.
(iv)Pressure groups and movements may not get their funds and support from the people as political parties get.
(v)A pressure group is a temporary set up where as political parties are permanent set up.
16.
(d)
Bolivia organisation, FEDECOR
17.
(b)
Communist Part (Maoist)
18.
(c)
Kathmandu
19.
(c)
June 1, 2001
20.
(b)
1990
21.
(d)
Movement group
22.
(c)
Political parties
23.
(d)
All of these
24.
(d)
April 2006
25.
(b)
King Gyanendra
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