cbse 12th Standard Biology Evolution Model Questions Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A | QB365

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cbse 12th Standard Biology Evolution Model Questions Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A

Published on: 25/10/2025

Question Set A

cbse 12th Standard Biology Evolution Model Questions Papers Study Material - QB365

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Std: 12th Standard CBSE - Biology

chapter: Evolution - Model Questions Papers

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Questions:

Generic 5

3 x 5 = 15

Practise drawing various animals and plants.

Distinguish between microevolution and macroevolution. Narrate the significance of population genetics in evolution.

Explain the different ways of diagnosing cancer.

Multiple Choice Question

4 x 1 = 4

The most accepted line of descent in human evolution is:

(a)

Australopithecus -> Ramapithecus -> Homo sapies -> homo habillis

(b)

Homo erectus -> homo habilis -> Homo sapiens

(c)

Ramapithecus -> Homo habilis -> Homo erectus -> Homo sapiens

(d)

Australopithecus -> Ramapithecus -> Homo erectus -> Homo habilis -> Homo sapiens.

Which type of selection is industrial melanism observed in moth, Biston bitularia:

(a)

Stabilising

(b)

Directonal

(c)

Disruptive

(d)

Artificial

Which of the following evolved first

(a)

Homo Sapiens

(b)

Homo habilis

(c)

Homo erectus

(d)

Tyrannosaurus

The turtle and tortoise evolved from

(a)

Amphibians

(b)

Fishes

(c)

Mammals

(d)

None of these

Case Study Questions

3 x 4 = 12

When the reptiles came down, mammals took over the earth. There' were mammals in South America, which resembled some of the modern day mammals. But due to continental drift, they
disappeared whereas the pouched mammals of Australia flourished and evolved into the various forms of pouched mammals that we see today
1.Mention two characteristic features that were the reasons for the successful existence of Mammals on earth.
2.Why did the continental drift affect the mammals of South America and Australia, Differently?
3.Modern day mammals resembles with which animals?
4.mammals took over the Earth in which era and period?

Adaptive Radiation The process of evolution of many varieties from a single variety of organism in a given geographical area is called adaptive radiation. It happens within a short span of time. Darwin's observation on finches of the Galapagos Islands showed interesting insights. Finches of that island show a wide variety, in terms of types of beaks, suited to different eating habits. Darwin proposed that all the varieties evolved on the island itself. From the original seed-eating features, many other forms (with altered beaks) arose. This shows adaptive radiation. Another example of adaptive radiation is seen in Australian marsupials. Different types of marsupials evolved from one ancestral stock, within the Australian island continent. Placental mammals in Australia also exhibit adaptive radiation

1.Adaptive radiation is nothing but divergence. What causes divergent evolution?

2. How many types of adaptive radiation are there?

Give an example of adaptive radiation.

3.What is the other name of de Vries theory?

10.

Origin of Life The universe is about 20 billion years old. The earth was formed about 4.5 billion years ago. The atmosphere was not present on early earth. The earth was covered with water vapour, methane, carbon dioxide and ammonia. The UV rays from the sun split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen reacted with ammonia and methane to form water, carbon dioxide and other gases. When the earth cooled down further, water vapour fell as rain, to form oceans. Life appeared on earth about 4 billion years back. Various theories are given for the origin of life on Earth like Theory of Abiogenesis, Biogenesis, Panspermia, Spontaneous Generation and Oparin and Haldane theory etc.

1. "The world has been evolved and not been created. Non-living substances have reacted to form organic compounds which developed into colloidal systems".

Find out the theory proposed in the statements.

2. Who cleared that interaction of chemical substances initiated origin of life in the past?

3. In the beginning, how much was the temperature of the earth?

OR
Which chemical is first formed in the earth?

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Answers Key:

Generic 5

3 x 5 = 15

If the giant cell possess photosynthesis evolved into the plants and those that was not able to capture sunlight for photosynthesis evolved into the animals. In plants, first tracheophytes formed and from which bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and highly evolved is angiosperm. Like that only animal are evolved reptiles to the mammals.

Evolution on the grand scale of geological time, is called macroevolution while evolution at genetic level is micro-evolution. Micro-evolution is actually is actually operative at genetic level change.
Significance of Population Genetics: The gene frequency of a population is called population genetics. Evolution occurs within populations as the relative frequencies of different variations of DNA change over time. If genes change the enzymes automatically change and represent two different forms of individuals and definitely result in evolution.

Cancer-Diagnosis:
Cancer can be diagnosed/detected by:
(i) Biopsy and histopathological studies of the tissue.
(ii) Blood and bone marrow tests for increased cell counts as in leukaemia.
(iii) Use of techniques like radiography,Magnetic Resonance Imagine (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for cancer of internal organs.
(iv) Use of antibodies against cancer specific antigens.
(v) Applying principles of molecular biology to detect genes in individuals with inherited susceptibility to certain types of cancer.

Multiple Choice Question

4 x 1 = 4

(b)
Directonal

(d)
Tyrannosaurus

(d)
None of these

Case Study Questions

3 x 4 = 12

1.Because of the presence of thermo regulatory mechanisms and adapted to live in various habitat with intelligence
2. South American animals are over ridden by North American faunna. Due to the same continental drift pouched mammals of Australia survived because of lack of competition from any other mammal.
3.Mammals of South America.
4.Quaternary and Mesozoic era

1. The divergent evolution is caused by: (i) need for food (ii) isolation (iii) absence of enemies
2.Three types of adaptive radiations are there.
OR
Australian marsupials.
3.The other name of de Vries theory is Theory of mutation.

10.

1.Theory of Organic Evolution has been proposed in the statement.
2. Haeckel cleared that interaction of chemical substances initiated origin of life in the past.
3.5000°C to 6000°C was the temperature of the earth in the beginning.
OR
Ammonia and methane