Man-made methods of vegetative reproduction are called artificial vegetative propagation. They are mainly as follows:
(i) Cutting: In this method, a small piece of any plant organ bearing buds such as stem, (sugarcane, rose, Bougainvillea etc), root (Tamarind) and leaves (Bougainvillea) are used for propagation.
(ii)Layering: In this method the roots are artificially method produced on the stem or branches before they are cut and detached from the parent.
(iii)Grafting: In this method, the parts of plants are joined in such a way that they appear and grow as one plant. The supporting part of the plant which is rooted is called stock. The twig or the part of another plant which is joined to itis called Scion. Grafting is commonly used in mango, guava, apple, pear, etc.
(iv) Micropropagation: This is a method of propagating the plants by tissue culture technique. This includes culturing of cells, tissue or organs in the laboratory under aseptic conditions resulting in the formation of an undifferentiated mass of cells called callus. Later on, a large number of plantlets are produced from this callus.

(i)  Father's advice helped Neena to raise new seedlings of rose variety by using 'cuttings' of the desired variety and planting them in soil in favorable season.
(ii)  Asexual method of reproduction is involved.
(iii) Yes, this can be used commercially for Bougainvillea, Carnation and Coleus.

(i) Differences between asexual and sexual reproduction

(ii) Types of asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms. 

(i) The three clear-cut phases are:
 (i) Vegetative phase
 (ii) Reproductive phase and
 (iii) Senescent phase.
(ii) In perennial plants, vegetative growth continues throughout the year; it is more durin favourable seasons like spring and rainy season and less during winter and summer.
 (i) Flowering occurs at a particular season of every year.
 (ii) Order branches and leaves are shed during all parts of the year.

Sexual reproduction can generate variation in the population.These variations provide better chances of survival to the organisms in changing the environment.Thus, sexual mode of reproduction is considered a better mode of reproduction.

(A) c is a seed that produces new plant.
(B) c is a seed that produces new plant.
(C) c is an adventitious bud that produces a new plant.
(D) b is an eye that has a bud.

The major difference between oviparous and viviparous animals are listed below: