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Published on: 03/09/2019
Chemical Kinetics
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Questions + Answers key
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1.
The conversion of molecules X to Y follows second order kinetics. If concentration of X is increased to three times how will it affect the rate of formation of Y?
2.
Why molecularity is applicable only for elementary reactions and order is applicable for elementary as well as complex reactions?
3.
What do you understand by the rate law and rate constant of a reaction? Identify the order of a reaction if the units of its rate constant are :
(i) L-1 mol s-1
(ii) L mol-1 s-1
4.
In general it is observed that the rate of chemical reaction doubles with every 10o rise in temperature. If the generalization holds good for the reaction in the temperature range 295 K to 305 K, what would be the value of activation energy for the this reaction?
(R = 8.314 J mol-1 K-1)
5.
The molecularity and order of the reaction 2 NO (g) + O2 (g) \(\rightarrow\)2NO2 (g) are respectively
one and one
two and two
three and three
two and three
6.
Rate constant of a reaction (k) is 175 litre2 mol-2 sec-1. What is the order of reaction?
first
second
third
zero
7.
The unit of rate constant for a zero order reaction is
mol L-1 s-1
L mol-1 s-1
L2mol-1 s-1
s-1
8.
For the reaction aA + bB \(\longrightarrow\) cC, if -3 \(\frac {d[A]}{dt} = +1.5 \frac {d[C]}{dt},\) then a, b, and c respectively are
3, 1, 2
2, 1, 3
1, 3, 2
6, 2, 3
9.
In the reaction BrO-3 (aq) + 5 Br - (aq) + 6 H+ \(\longrightarrow\) 3 Br2(I) + 3 H2O (l), the rate of apperance of bromine (BHr2) is related to the disapearance of bromide uions as follows :
\(\frac { d[{ Br }_{ 2 }] }{ dt } =-\frac { 5 }{ 3 } \frac { d[{ Br }^{ - }] }{ dt } \)
\(\frac { d[{ Br }_{ 2 }] }{ dt } =\frac { 5 }{ 3 } \frac { d[{ Br }^{ - }] }{ dt } \)
\(\frac { d[{ Br }_{ 2 }] }{ dt } =\frac {3 }{ 5} \frac { d[{ Br }^{ - }] }{ dt } \)
\(\frac { d[{ Br }_{ 2 }] }{ dt } =-\frac { 3 }{ 5 } \frac { d[{ Br }^{ - }] }{ dt } \)
10.
The rate of reaction when the concentration of each reactant is taken as unity is called ......... .
11.
If the rate of reaction, 4 NH3 + O2 \(\longrightarrow\) 2 NO + 5 H2O at any instant of time is 9 \(\times\) 10-4 mol L-1 s-1, then rate of disapperance of NH3 is ......... .
12.
In the plot of concentratiuon of reactant versus time, the tangent at any instant of time has a......... slope (opositive or negative or zero).
13.
For a gaseous reaction, the units of the reaction are..............
1.
The reaction x → y follows second order kinetics.
herefore, the rate equation for this reaction will be:
Rate = k[X]2 (1)
Let [X] = a mol L−1, then equation (1) can be written as:
Rate1 = k .(a)2
= ka2
If the concentration of X is increased to three times, then [X] = 3a mol L−1
Now, the rate equation will be:
Rate = k (3a)2
2.
Complex reaction proceeds through several elementary reactions. Molecularity of each elementary reaction may be different, therefore, molecularity of complex reaction can't be determined. Order of complex reaction is determined by slowest step in mechanism (involving elementary reactions).
3.
Rate law is expression which gives relationship between rate of a reaction and conc. of reactants, e.g.
\(\frac { dx }{ dt } =k{ \left[ A \right] }^{ x }{ \left[ B \right] }^{ y }\)
Rate constant is equal to rate of reaction when conc. of reactants is equal to unity.'k' is rate constant in above expression.
(i) Zero order
(ii) Second order.
4.
\({ T }_{ 1 }=295K, \ { T }_{ 2 }=305K, \ { k }_{ 2 }=2{ k }_{ 1 } \ (given)\)
\(\log { \frac { { k }_{ 2 } }{ { k }_{ 1 } } } =\frac { { E }_{ a } }{ 2.303R } \left( \frac { { T }_{ 2 }-{ T }_{ 1 } }{ { T }_{ 1 }{ T }_{ 2 } } \right) \)
\(\log { 2 } = \ \frac { { E }_{ a } }{ 2.303\times 8.314 } \left( \frac { 305-295 }{ 305\times 295 } \right) \)
\({ E }_{ a } \ = \ \frac { 19.147\times 305\times 295\times 0.3010 }{ 10 } \)
\( { E }_{ a } \ = \ 51854.8 \ J \ { mol }^{ -1 }\)
\(=51.85 \ KJ \ { mol }^{ -1 }\)
5.
(c)
three and three
6.
(c) : On the basis of given units of k, the reactions of 3 rd order.
7.
(a) Rate = \(\frac {dx}{dt} = k[A_o]^{o} = k \) or \(k = \frac {dx}{dt} = \frac {conc}{Time} =\frac {mol L^{-1}}{s}\)mol L-1 s-1.
8.
(c) : Dividing throught by 3, we get -\(\frac {d[A]}{dt}\) = \(-\frac {1}{3} \frac {d[B]}{dt}= + \frac {1}{2}\frac {d[C]}{dt}\)
This is so for the reaction A + 3B \(\longrightarrow\) 2 C
9.
(d) \(\frac{1}{3} \frac { d[{ Br }_{ 2 }] }{ dt } =-\frac { 1 }{ 5 } \frac { d[{ Br }^{ - }] }{ dt } \) or \(\frac { d[{ Br }_{ 2 }] }{ dt } =-\frac {3 }{ 5 } \frac { d[{ Br }^{ - }] }{ dt } \)
10.
( )
rate constant or specific reaction rate
11.
( )
3.6 \(\times\) 10-3 mol L-1 s-1
12.
( )
negative
13.
( )
atm time -1 or bar time -1, e.g., atm s-1 or bar min-1 etc.
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