Question Set C

CBSE 12th Standard Biology Reproductive Health Important Questions And Answers Study Material - QB365

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Questions:

Generic 2

7 x 2 = 14

A woman is tortured by in-laws as she gave birth to female child every time. They forced her to determine the sex of the foetus.
(a) What do they do?
(b) Who is responsible for the sex of the child – mother/ father?
(c)Is the behavior of in-laws towards her right or wrong? Give your opinion.

A mother gives birth to a baby. Soon after delivery, the mother-in-law insists of giving water and honey to the new born. But the father of the baby opposed this decision and took the baby to the mother of the newborn, so that the baby gets the first milk.
a) What is the milk called which comes out of the mammary gland of the mother during the initial days of lactation? What is its significance?
b) What value can you find in the father of the baby?
c) Name the hormones which influence lactation.

After a brief medical examination a healthy couple came to know that both of them are unable to produce functional gametes and should look for an 'ART' (Assisted Reproductive Technique).
Name the 'ART' and the procedure involved that you can suggest to them to help them bear a child.

How much time does it take for the sperm to travel from the lower part of the uterus to the egg? What difficulties do they encounter on the way?

Fed up of a large family, a couple wanted to adopt a terminal method of contraception. Describe the process conducted by the doctor in either of the cases-male/female partner.Also mention one advantage and one disadvantage of this method

How do 'implants' act as an effective method of contraception in human females? Mention its one advantage over contraceptive pills

Name the muscular and glandular layers of human uterus.Which one of these layers undergoes cyclic changes during menstrual cycle?Name the hormone essential for the maintenance of this layer.

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

Geeta & her mother were going to market. On they way to market they came across a street play being staged. The play was about the female foeticide. Later Geeta asked her mother as to why the people terminate the female foetus.
(i) How & at what stage of development the determination of sex of the foetus can be done.
(ii) How it can be stopped.
(iii) What values are exhibited by Geeta.

A couple where both husband and wife are producing functional gametes, but the wife is still unable to conceive, is seeking medical aid.
Describe any one method that you can suggest to this couple to become happy parents.

10.

(a) What is the period which is considered safe for MTP?
(b) What is the period when amniocentesis is usually done? Is this period safe for abortion?
(c) Mention the time when Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) is done. What is the significance of CVS?

11.

How many eggs are released by a human ovary in a month? How many eggs do you think would have been released if the mother gave birth to identical twins?Would your answer change,if the twins born were fraternal?

12.

Enumarate the complications that untreated STDs can lead to.

Generic 5

6 x 5 = 30

13.

Vaibhav, 12th class student watched the movie 'Vickey donar'. He was very curious to know the structure and details of sperm. He wondered, why the donation of sperm is considered a taboo irrespective of the fact that it helps childless couples to have children. He discussed this whole thing with his elder brother, who is a biology professor in a university. His brother smiled and explained all his queries.
(i) Name the main parts of a sperm.
(ii) Which part of the human sperm is responsible for facilitating sperm motility? Explain.
(iii) What are the values shown by Vaibhav?

14.

Ramesh got a job in Mumbai but his family was still living in the village. One day, he received a letter from his father stating that he is planning marriage of her sister who will be fifteen years old in March. Ramesh did not like the idea of his father of arranging plan of his sister till she attains age of 18 years.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(i) In your opinion, who is right Ramesh or his Father?
(ii) What is the right age of marriage for girls?
(iii) What are the risks involved in early marriage?

15.

While travelling, Arvind noticed that in his city every public transport, whether bus or train, was full of passengers and there was no space even in the markets or other public places. He shared his observation with his grandfather. Grandfather told him that the situation was not so worse when he was a child. Population has increased so much that we do not have sufficient resources to provide basic amenities needed in a civillized society.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(i) Whar are the possible reasons of population explosion?
(ii) What are the adverse effect of such population explosion?
(iii) As an educated citizen, what are your suggestion to reserve the trend?

16.

Show with graphic sketch the hormonal control over the menstrual cycle.

17.

Study the flow chart given below.Name the hormones involved at each stage and explain their functions.
Hypothalamus
\(\downarrow \)
Pituitary
\(\downarrow \)
Ovary
\(\downarrow \)
Pregnancy

18.

How can education help in building up a socially responsible and reproductively healthy society?
(Enumerate the aspects that should be emphasised).

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

7 x 2 = 14

(a) Amniocentesis
(b) Father
(c) Wrong

a) Colostrum. It contains several antibodies needed to develop resistance in the newborn.
b) The father is well informed, aware and caring.
c) Prolactin, oxytocin and progesterone.

The ART that can be suggested to that couple in the given situation is IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation).

A sperm takes 2-3 hrs to reach the egg from lower part of the uterus. It has to face the following difficulties during the travel.
(i) After entering the vagina, the sperm meets the acidic fluid which constitutes the first barrier to sperm transport.The sperms need alkaline medium to survive.
(ii) The inner protruding wall of cervix causes hindrance in the movement of sperms.

In male partner the process is called vasectomy in which a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen.
In female partner, the process is called tubectomy in which a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen.
However, their possible ill effects like nausea,abdominal pain, breakthrough bleeding, irregular menstrual bleeding or even breast cancer, should not be totally ignored. Still on the counterpart, these methods have significant role in checking growth of population.

Implants are combinations of progestogens or estrogen-progestogen combinations, that work by
(i) inhibiting ovulation
(ii) inhibiting implantation
(iii) changing the quality of cervical mucus to retard entry of sperms.
The effective periods are much longer than those of pills.

1. Myometrium is the muscular layer and endometrium is the glandular layer.
2. Endometium undergoes cyclic changes during menstrual cycle.
3. Progesterone is the hormone.

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

(i) The sex of baby in the womb can be determined by amniocentesis technique. It can be done after first three months of pregnancy.
(ii) It can be stopped by legislation. The Government has already imosed a ban on sex-determination of the foetus. In & also declared that those who are involved in foeticide practise are liable to punishment. Public awamess about it is also being spread through media & plays etc.
(iii) Geeta is quite enquiring & has exhibited the values of awareness, inquisition & curiosity.

Suggested methods for this couple include IVF, ZIFT, and AI.

10.

(a) MTP is considered safe during the first trimester of pregnancy (i.e., upto 12 weeks of pregnancy).
(b) Amniocentesis is usually done after sixteenth week of pregnancy. At this time, abortion is not safe.
(c) CVS is done during eight to tenth week of pregnancy. CVS facilitates the examination of genetic disorders in foetus.

11.

One
One
Two

12.

(i)Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases
(ii)Abortions
(iii)Stillbirths
(iv)Ectopic pregnancies
|(v)Infertility
(vi)Cancer of the reproductive tract

Generic 5

6 x 5 = 30

13.

(i) A sperm consists of a head, neck, middle piece and a tail.
(ii) Middle piece It is cylindrical and known as the power house of the sperm. It possesses many mitochondria to produce energy for the movement of the tail that facilitates sperm motility essential for fertilisation.
(iii) He is curious, intelligent, inquisitive and has scientific attitude.

14.

(i) Ramesh is right in this matter as early or child marriage can endanger the life of girl.
(ii) 18 years
(iii) The reproductive organs of girls below 18 years are not fully prepared for pregnancy. Also, early pregnancy may have serious harmful effects on the health of the young mother.

15.

(i) A sudden increase in population in the recent past is due to decrease in death rate and increased longevity as a result of recent advances in medical science.
(ii) As resources are limited, it will not be possible to provide food, shelter, education, medical facilities and other public facilities to all our citizens.
(iii) We should popularise the advantage of small family and method of birth control.

16.

17.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is released by the hypothalamus;it stimultes the pituitary to release follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),and luteinising hormone (LH),both of which act on the ovary.
FSH stimulates the development of ovarian follicle into mature Graafian follicle and also secretion of estrogens by the follicle cells.
LH stimulates ovulation,formation of corpus luteum from the ruptured follicle and secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum.
Progesterone is necessary to maintain pregnancy.

18.

Counseling and creating awareness among people about the following aspects would help in building up a reproductively healthy society
(i) Reproductive organs
(ii) Adolescence and associated changes
(iii) Safe and hygienic sexual practices and
(iv) Sexually transmitted diseases
Educating people, especially fertile couples and those in marriageable age group about the following would help to raise a socially responsible society.
(i) Available birth control methods
(ii) Care of pregnant mothers
(iii) Importance of breast feeding and
(iv) Equal opportunities for a girl child.