(i) Biodiversity conservation, Ecosystem protection.
(iii) Educate people not to harm biodiversity.
(iii) Forest would be destroyed, many species of plants and animals lost.

Ex-situ. Any two differences between ex-situ and in-situ conservation of biodiversity.

Co-extinction is the extinction of two mutually related or interrelated species for instance a host fish extinction leads to the extinction of all those papsites excusively found on it. Another example is plant-pollinator mutualism, where extinction of one leads to extinction of other.
Insect,aphids are polyphagous (feed on more than one plant species) or monophagous (feed on a particular species of plant). Monophagous insects may become extinct, if the plantspecies upon which they feed becomes extinct.

Hot spots are the regions with very high levels of species richess and high degree of endemism and need maximum production.
e.g. Western Ghats and himalayas.

Biomagnification or biological magnification.

1. The world summit on sustainable development was held in 2002, in Johannesburg, south Africa.
2. 190 countries signed the convention.
3. Its objective was achive by 2010, a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at global, regional and local levels.

1. India is one of the twelve biodiversity rich countries of the world.
2. Though India has only 2.4% of the land area of the world, it has 8.1% of the global species biodiversity.
3. There are about 45,000 species of plants and 90,000-1,00,000 species of animals, many more species are yet to be discovered and named.
4. If we apply Robert May's global estimate that only 22% of the total species have been recorded, India probably has more than 1,00,000 species of plants and 3,00,000 species of animals to be discovered and described.

Biodiversity is very important for ecosystem functioning. More diverse ecosystems are considered more stable. Stable communities are resilient and resistant to change.
Hence, diversity stabilises the community and also helps in increasing the productivity. Higher the biodiversity of an ecosystem, higher the number of species and therefore, lower is the rate of extinction. While, in case of low biodiversity, there are higher chances of extinction.
Extinction of even one or two key species has negative impacts on the entire ecosystem.
Thus, the diversity ensures the stability and proper functioning of the entire ecosystem as explained via the 'Rivet popper hypothesis'. 
Biodiversity is important for ecosystem functioning.
(i) Ecologists believe that communities with more species diversity tend to be more stable than those with less species diversity.
(ii) Plots with increased species diversity show, higher productivity.
(iii) The ecosystem with more diversity becomes resistant to seasonal disturbances.
(iv) They also show resistant to invasion by alien species.

(i) Speciation is a function of time: the temperate regions were subjected to frequent glaciation in the past, while the tropics have remained undisturbed and hence had longer time to evolve more species diversity.
(ii) The tropical environments are less seasonal and relatively more constant and more predictable than temperate regions; speciation has been promoted/favoured by such constant environments and hence there is greater species diversity.
(iii) There is more solar radiation available in the tropical region; this contributes directly to more productivity and indirectly to greater species diversity.

Earth's rich biodiversity is vital for the very survival of mankind. The reasons for conserving biodiversity are narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian and ethical. Besides the direct benefits (food, fibre, firewood, pharamaceuticals, etc.), there are many indirect benefits we receives through ecosystem services such as pollination, pest control, climate moderation and flood control. Each and every living being has some intrinsic value. We derive countless economic benefits from the living things. Living things play a major role in many ecosystems. All the species in the ecosystem are interlinked. When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also becomes extinct. When a host fish species becomes extinct, its unique assemblage of parasites also meets the same fate. Another example is the case of coevolved plant-pollinator mutualism where extinction of one leads to extinction of the other.

Approximate number of species which have been described and identified from all over the world.

Species-Area Relationship
1. Alexander Von Humboldt has observed that within a region, species richness increases with increased explored area, but only upto a limit.
2. The relationship between species richness and area for a number of taxa like angiospermic plants, freshwater fishes and birds is found to be a rectangular hyperbola.
3. On a log scale, the relationship becomes linear (straight line) and is described by the equation:
log S = log C + Z log A, where
S = Species Richness
Z = Slope of the line (regression coefficient)
A = Area and C = Y - intercept
4. Ecologists have found that the value of Z-line ranges between 0.1 and 0.2 irrespective of the taxonomic group of the region.
5. But in very large areas, like a continent, the Z value ranges between 0.6 and 1.2 and indicate species richness.