Describe the mechanism of alcohols reacting both as nucleophiles and as electrophiles in their reactions.

Write the structure of the molecule of a compound whose IUPAC name is 1-phenylpropan-2-ol.

Write the chemical equation for the preparation of phenol from benzene using oleum and sodium hydroxide.

Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.

Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers,
(i) the alkoxy group activites the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution and
(ii) it directs the incoming substitutions to ortho and para positions in benzene ring.

Account the following:
(i) The boiling point of ethanol is higher than that of methanol.
(ii) Phenol is a stronger acid than an alcohol.
(iii) The boiling points of ethers are lower than isomeric alcohols.

Predict the major product of acid catalysed dehydration of 
(i) 1-methyl cyclohexanol, and 
(ii) butan-1-ol

Give IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(i) 

(ii)

(iii)
 
(iv)

An ether is more volatile than alcohol having the same molecular formula. This is due to

When ethanol is heated with HI and red phosphorus, it gives

Phenol reacts with bromine in CS₂ to give

The compound (C) in the following series of reactions is:
\(Aceton+{ CH }_{ 3 }MgBr\overset { Dry\ ether }{ \longrightarrow } A\overset { { H }_{ 3 }{ O }^{ + } }{ \longrightarrow } B\overset { 363K }{ \underset { 20%{ H }_{ 2 }{ SO }_{ 4 } }{ \longrightarrow } } C+H_{ 2 }O\)

The general molecular formula which represents the homologous series of alkanols is

An organic compound (A) with molecular formula C₆H₆O gives a characteristic colour with aqueous FeCl₃ solution. When (A) is treated with CO₂ and NaOH at 410K under pressure, it gives compound (B) which upon acidification gives compound (C). Compound (C) reacts with acetyl chloride to give (D) which is a popular pain killer, Deduce the structures of (A), (B), (C) and (D) and explain all the reactions involved.

2,2-Dimethyloxirane can be cleaved by acid (H⁺).Write its mechanism.

Reimer-Tiemann reaction

Conversion of \({ 2 }^{ \circ }\) alcohol to ketone

Williamson's synthesis

Kolbe's reaction

Methanol