Study the table given below and answer the questions that follow:

(+ = Beneficial interaction)
(- = Detrimental interaction)
(0 = Neutral interaction)
(i) Identify the type of interaction (a), (b), (c) and (d).
(ii) Why are predators 'prudent' in nature?

Study the population growth curves shown in the graph and answer the following questions.
(i) Identify the growth curves 'a' and 'b'.
(ii) Which one of them is considered more realistic and why?
(iii) What does the dotted line in the graph indicate?

(I) Which of the above process(es) represent(s) an increase in population?
(ii) Which ofthe above process(es) represent(s) a decrease in population?
(iii) If a new habitat is just being colonised, out of the four process(es) affecting the population growth, which one contributes the most?

Study the three representative figures of age pyramids relating to human population and answer the questions that follow:

(a) Wrrte'the names given to the three kinds of age pyramids, (I), (il) and (iil).
(b) Give reason for each, why you have named them so.

The graph given below shows the distribution of the major biomes of the world.

Answer the following questions based on the graph.
(a) Identify the biomes A, D, E, F.
(b) Which of the biomes shows the maximum range of
(i) Mean annual precipitation
(ii) Mean annual temperature?