1. Flowering and hence, fruiting is influenced by temperature and duration of light (photoperiod) in several plants.
2. Some plants require long days (short nights) and some others require short days (long nights) for flowering; hence the availability of different fruits like mango, apple, etc. is seasonal.

In algae and fungi, the zygote formed as a result of sexual reproduction, develops a thick wall that protects the zygote from desiccation and mechanical injuries; hence the zygote is able to remain dormant during the unfavourable conditions and germinate at the return of favourable conditions. Since sexual reproduction brings in variation(s), at least some variants will be able to survive, in case of an adverse change in the environmental conditions. Because of the survival advantages (mentioned above), sexual reproduction is favoured under such conditions.

Vegetative reproduction is also a type of asexual reproduction; it is because it involves a single parent and there is no formation or fusion of gametes. The term clone is applicable to the individuals formed by vegetative reproduction, because they are genetically and morphologically identical among themselves and to the parent.

It is water hyacinth which reproduces by vegetative mean i.e. offset mean. It causes floods and popularly known as terror of Bengal.

a)   Bulbil
b) Buds 
c) Bulb
d) Sucker

1. Gemmules are the internal buds found in coelenterates and sponges.
2. Gemmae are the external buds found in bryophytes

In oogamy, female gamete being larger and non motile, is an adaptation for having more food reserves that may be required for the future development. The male gamete has to move to reach the counterpart, so it has the machinery for its reaching and delivering the chromosomes. A lot of cytoplasm will means extra weight also. So both the sex cells have specialized themselves for their functions.

In single-celled organisms like Amoeba and bacteria the parental body itself divides into two parts and becomes daughter cells. Each of these divided cells rapidly grows into adult organisms. Therefore, the parent cannot be said to have died, it continues living as daughter cells.

1. In haploid organisms, showing haplontic life cycle, gamete formation involves only mitosis; the diploid zygote formed by the fusion of two haploid gametes, undergoes meiosis (zygotic meiosis).
2. In diploid organisms, showing diplontic or haplodiplontic life cycle, gamete formation involues meiosis (gametic meiosis) and haploid gametes are formedl; the diploid zygote undergoes mitosis to form diploid individuals.