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CBSE 12th Standard Chemistry Subject Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Ncert Exemplar 2 Mark Questions 2021

Published on: 25/05/2021

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Std: 12th Standard CBSE - Chemistry

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Questions:

Generic 2

3 x 2 = 6

Why it is necessary to avoid even traces of moisture during the use of a Grignard reagent?

Allyl chloride is hydrolysed more readily than n-propyl chloride. Why?

What are the IUPAC names of the insecticide DDT and benzene hexachloride? Why is their use banned in india and other countries?

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

3 x 2 = 6

Grignard reagents react with water to give the corresponding hydrocarbons.
\(\underset { Grignard\ reagent }{ RMgX } \ +\ HOH\longrightarrow \underset { Hydrocarbon }{ RH } \ +\ Mg(OH)X\)

In S_N1 reactions, carbocations are the intermediates. Obviously more stable the carbocation, more reactive is the alkyl halide. Since allyl chloride upon ionization gives allyl cation which is stabilized by resonance but the carbocation obtained from n-propyl chloride is not, therefore, allyl chloride It undergoes hydrolysis much faster than n-propyl chloride.

The IUPAC name of DDT is 2, 2-bis (4-chlorophenyl)-I, I, l-trichloroethane and that of benzene hexachloride is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-hexachlorocyclohexane. Their use in India and other countries has been banned because they are not biodegradable. As a result, these insecticides enter the food chain of animals and get deposited in their fatty tissues over a period of time and affect their reproductive systems.