(i) Input Devices:
(a) Keyboard
(b) Optical scanner
(c) Mouse
(d) Joystick
(ii) Output Devices:
(a) Monitor
(b) Printer

Computerised accounting system takes accounting transactions as inputs that are processed through accounting software to generate the following reports:
(i) Day books / Journals
(ii) Ledger
(iii) Trial Balance
(iv) Trading account
(v) Profit and loss account
(vi) Balance sheet

Procedure
i) Open a new spreadsheet in MS-Excel
ii) Enter values in the cells as given below

	A	B
1	Rate of interest (p.a.)	10%
2	Number of instalments (nper)	48
3	Loan amount (pv)	-300000
4	FV	0
5	Type	0

iii) Compute PMT in the cell B6 by the formula
= PMT(B1/12,B2,B3,B4,B5)
= Rs.7,608.78

Procedure
1. Open new excel sheet.
2. Input the table as given in the question.
3. Enter the data “Achieved” in Cell D1.
4. Type the following in Cell D2:
= AND (B2> = 400,C2 > = 400)
5. Copy the formula in D2 into D3 and D4
Output

Salesman	Day 1	Day 2	Achieved
Anand	500	250	FALSE
Balu	600	500	TRUE
Cibi	250	300	FALSE

Procedure
(i) Select and bold the name Fra Luca Bartolomeo de Pacioli.
(ii) Add single quote before The Father and after Book keeping.
‘The Father of Accounting and Book keeping’
(iii) Select and italicise the word Europe.
Europe
(iv) Select and underline the word double-entry.
double-entry
(v) Select the full text and change the font style to Arial and font size to 10
Output:
Fra Luca Bartolomeo de Pacioli was an Italian mathematician (1447 – 1517). He is referred to as ‘The Father of Accounting and Bookkeeping’ in Europe and he was the first person to publish a work on the double-entry system of book keeping

Components of computerised accounting system can be classified into six categories viz.
(i) Hardware:
(a) The Physical components of a computer constitute its hardware.
(b) Hardware consists of input devices and output devices that make a complete computer system.
(ii) Software: A set of programs that form an interface between the hardware and the user of a computer system are referred to as software.
(iii) People: The most important element of a computer system is its users. They are also called liveware of the Computer system.
(iv) Procedure: Procedure is a step by step series of instructions to perform a specific function and achieve desired output.
(v) Data:
(a) The facts "and figures" that are fed into a computer for further processing are called data.
(b) Processed and useful data are called information which is used for decision making.
(vi) Connectivity:
(a) When two or more computers are connected to each other, they can, share information and resources such as sharing of files, sharing of printer, sharing of facilities like the Internet etc.
(b) This sharing is possible using wires, cables, satellite, infra-red, blue tooth, microwave, transmission, etc.

(i) Open a new spreadsheet in MS-Excel
(ii) Enter the table headings as given below in different cells
A1 Customer
B1 Sales (`)
C1 Date of sales
D1 Period of credit (days)
E1 Date of settlement
F1 Credit period availed (days)
G1 Days of default
H1 Interest
I1 Amount collected
(iii) Enter customer names in A2:A5
(iv) Enter sales figures in B2:B5
(v) Enter date of sales in C2:C5
(vi) Enter period of credits in D2:D5
(vii) Enter date of settlements in E2:E5
(viii) In the cell F2 enter the formula =E2-C2 to calculate the period of credit availed in days. (ix) In the cell G2 enter the formula
=IF(F2-D2>0,F2-D2,0) to calculate the default days. (IF condition is used to avoid negative values in the case of payment before due date)
(x) In the cell H2 enter the formula =ROUNDUP((B2*2%)*(G2/365),0) to calculate interest for the default days and to round it to the nearest rupee.
(xi) In the cell I2 enter the formula =B2+H2 to add the amount of Sales and Interest.
(xii) Select the range F2:I2 and copy these cells down to the last customer.

Customer	Sales	Date of Sales	Period of Credit (days)	Date of Settlement	Credit period availed	Days of default	Interest	Amount to be collected
M	25,000	10-04-2016	60	05-07-2016	86	26	36	25,036
N	14,000	28-05-2016	30	25-07-2016	58	28	22	14,022
P	28,000	14-07-2016	45	25-08-2016	42	0	0	28,000
R	54,000	03-08-2016	90	02-01-2017	152	62	184	54,184

Procedure
i) To fill the address
a. Open a new spreadsheet in MS-Excel
b. Enter all given values as given in the question
c. Enter the formula in the cell B3 as
=CONCATENATE(A2,” “,B2,” “,C2,” “,D2,” “,E2)
ANAND 123 KAMARAJAR SALAI Chennai 600018
ii) To change KAMARAJAR SALAI given in C2 as lower case in C3
Enter the formula in the cell C3 as
=LOWER(C2)
kamarajar salai
iii) To change Chennai given in D2 as upper case in D3
Enter the formula in the cell D3 as
=UPPER(D2)
CHENNAI

The facts and figures that are fed into a computer for further processing are called data.

Language processor.

A mnemonic code consists of alphabets or abbreviations as symbols to codify a piece of information.
For example:

CODE	Information
SJ	Sales Journals
HQ	Head Quarters

(i) A proper codification requires a systematic grouping of accounts.
(ii) The major groups or heads could be Assets, Liabilities, Revenues and Expenses.
(iii) The sub-groups or minor heads could be capital, non-current liabilities, current assets, sales and so on.
(iv) The grouping and codification depend upon the size and requirements of the organisation.

Examples of Readymade software:
(i) TALLY
(ii) MS-EXCEL

A set of programs that form an interface between the hardware and the user of a computer system are referred to as software.

(i) Computerised accounting system refers to the system of maintaining accounts using computers.
(ii) In other words the processing of accounting transactions through the use of hardware and software in order to keep and produce accounting records and reports.

A computer can be described as an electronic device designed to accept raw data as input, processes them and produce meaningful information as output. It has the abitity to perform arithmetic and logical operations as per given set of instructions called program.

(a) Software
Reason: A set of programs that form an interface between the user of a computer system are referred to as software. Other three are classification of accounting software.

(c) Software
Reason: A set of programs that form an interface between the hardware and the user of a computer system are referred to as software. Other three are methods of codification account.

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)