S.no Tissues Functions (1) Simple epithelium
  (a) Squamous:- forming a diffusion boundary
and filtration.
(b) Cuboidal:- Secretion and absorption.
(c) Columnar:- Secretes mucus for protection
by goblet cells.
(d) Pseudo stratified:- Protection, secretion
and absorption. (2) Compound epithelium (a) Striated Squamous:- forms keratinized dry
skin and non-keratinized moist lining of
the oesophagus, mouth, conjunctiva of
eyes and vagina.
(b) Stratified Columnar:- performs pharyngeal,
male urethral and some glandular duct
oriented functions.
(c) Transitional:- protects and stretches of
ureters, urinary bladder and a part of
urethra.

(i) R.H.Whittaker, an American taxonomist proposed five kingdom classification in the year 1969.
(ii) The Kingdoms include Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
(iii) The criteria adopted for the classification include cell structure, thallus organization, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationship. The merits and demerits are as follows:
Merits:
(i) The classification is based on the complexity of cell structure and organization of thallus.
(ii) It is based on the mode of nutrition.
(iii) Separation of fungi from plants.
(iv) It shows the phylogeny of the organisms.
Demerits:
(i) The kingdom Monera and Protista accommodate both autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms, cell wall lacking and cell wall bearing organisms thus making these two groups more heterogeneous.
(ii) Viruses were not included in the system.
 

Wearable healthcare devices include smart watches,fitbit wristbands, fitness trackers, helmet-worn impact checkers, back pain posture checkers, necklaces clipons, smart clothing and filament implant.

1. To diagnose pathological conditions such as hypertension and hypotension
2. Helps to assess the state of blood circulation.
3. Provides the functional details of heart.

lnternal Factors:
1. Genes are intracellular factors for growth.
2. Phytohormones are intracellular factors for growth. Example: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, etc.
3. C/N Ratio: The ratio of carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds regulate the specific pattern of growth in plants

1) Plants having C₄ cycle are mainly of tropical and sub-tropical regions and are able to survive in environment with low CO₂ concentration.
2) C₄ plants are partially adapted to drought conditions.
3) Oxygen has no inhibitory effect on C₄ cycle since PEP carboxylase is insensitive to O₂.

Potassium (K): Maintains turgidity and osmotic potential of the cell, opening and closure of stomata, phloem translocation, stimulate activity of enzymes, anion and cation balance by ion-exchange. It is absorbed as K+ ions.
Deficiency symptoms:Marginal chlorosis, necrosis, low cambial activity, loss of apical dominance, lodging in cereals and curled leaf margin.

Kuhne's fermentation tube experiment demonstrates the process of alcoholic fermentation.

The function of the digestive system is to bring the nutrients, water and electrolytes from the external environment into every cell in the body through the circulatory system.

a) Asymmetry	:	Sponges (poriferians)and adult molluscans
b) Radial	:	Coelenterates / Cnidarians Eg: Sea anemone
c) Bi radial	:	Cnidarians like comb jelly
d) Penta radial	:	Adult Echinoderms like star fish
e) Bilateral	:	Triploblastic adults like Platyhelminthes (flatworms) Nematodes (round worm)

Annelidians, Arthopodians, Young Molluscans, Young Echinoderms and Chordates.
 

In cockroach, the sense organs are antennae, compound eyes, labrum, maxillary palps, labial palps and anal cerci. The receptor for touch (thigmo receptors) is located in the antenna, maxillary palps and cerci. The receptor for smell (olfactory receptors) is found on the antennae. The receptor for taste (gustatory receptors) is found on the palps of maxilla and labium. Thermoreceptors are found on the first four tarsal segments on the legs. The receptor chordotonal is found on the anal cerci which respond to air or earth borne vibrations. The photoreceptors of the cockroach consists of a pair of compound eyes at the dorsal surface of the head. Each eye is formed of about 2000 simple eyes called the ommatidia (singular: ommatidium), through which the cockroach can receive several images of an object. This kind of vision is known as mosaic vision with more sensitivity but less resolution.

Thalamus is composed of grey matter which. serves as a relay center for impulses between the spinal cord, brain stem and cerebrum. Within the thalamus, information is sorted and edited and plays a key role in learning and memory. It is a major coordinating center for sensory and motor signaling.

A- Rod cell, B- Cone cell
A- Rods are photoreceptor cells responsible for vision in dim light in the human eye.
B- The cones are photoreceptor cells responsible for colour vision in the human eye

Advantages of Aquaponic gardening:
1. Water conservation: No need of water discharge and recharge as the water is maintained by recycling process.
2. Pesticides: In this system use of pesticides is avoided and hence it is eco-friendly

1. Amphibians have two auricles and one ventricle and no inter ventricular septum whereas reptiles except crocodiles have two auricles and one ventricle and an incomplete inter ventricular septum.
2. Thus mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood takes place in the ventricles.
3. This type of circulation is called incomplete double circulation.

Open circulation	Closed circulation
1. No blood vessels.	Blood vessels are present.
2. Blood flows in sinuses.	Blood flows in vessels.
3. No respiratory pigment.	Respiratory pigment present.
4. Eg: insects.	Eg: Earthworms, Molluscans, Echinoderms and Chordates.

Neuron	Neuroglia
1. They have two types of process - axon and dendron	They have only one process
2. They have synapse	Do not have synapse
3. No power of division	Have power of division
4. conduct nerve impulses.	They are nutritive and defensive in function and serve as packing cells.

S.No.	Aggregate fruit	Multiple fruit
1	Aggregate fruits develop from a single fl ower having an apocarpous pistil. each of the free carpel develops into a simple fruitlet. A collection of simple fruitlets makes an Aggregate fruit. An individual ovary develops into a drupe, achene, follicle or berry	A Multiple or composite fruit develops from the whole infl orescence along with its peduncle on which they are borne
2	Eg: Polyalthia	Eg: Pineapple

Distal convoluted tubule (DCT of nephron).

(i) The head is small, triangular and lies at right angle to the longitudinal axis of the body.
(ii) The mouth parts are directed downwards so it is hypognathous.