Uses of Herbarium:
1. Herbarium provides resource material for systematic research and studies.
2. It is a place for orderly arrangement of voucher specimens.
3. Voucher specimen serves as a reference for comparing doubtful newly collected fresh specimens.
4. Voucher specimens play a role in studies like floristic diversity, environmental assessment, ecological mechanisms and survey of unexplored areas.
5. Herbarium provides opportunity for documenting biodiversity and studies related to the field of ecology and conservation biology.

ICN Principles:
International Code of Nomenclature is based on the following six principles.
1. Botanical nomenclature is independent of zoological and bacteriological nomenclature.
2. Application of names of taxonomic group is determined by means of nomenclatural types.
3. Nomenclature of a taxonomic group is based on priority of publication.
4. Each taxonomic group with a particular circumscription, position and rank can bear only one correct name, the earliest that is in accordance with the rules except in specified cases.
5. Scientific names of taxonomic groups are treated as Latin regardless of their derivation.
6. The rules of nomenclature are retroactive unless expressly limited.

Role of Botanical Garden: 
Botanical Gardens play the following important roles.
1. Gardens have a wide range of species and supply taxonomic material for botanical research.
2. It can integrate information of diverse fields like Anatomy, Embryology, Phytochemistry, Cytology, Physiology and Ecology.
3. Act as a conservation centre for diversity, rare and endangered species.
4. It offers annual list of available species and a free exchange of seeds.
5. Botanical garden gives information about method of propagation, sale of plant material to the general public.

Gloriosa Superba
Family: Liliaceae

Holotype, Isotype, Lectotype, Neotype.

1. Plant taxonomy is otherwise known as systematic botany.
2. Classification, identifying, description and naming the plants are the bases of plant taxonomy

Polypetalae: Plants with free petals and dichlamydeous flowers come under polypetalae. It is further divided into three series - (iii) Calyciflorae: It includes plant having flowers with cup shaped thalamus and with inferior or sometimes with half inferior ovary. It includes 5 orders and 27 families.

1. A Monograph is a complete global account of a taxon of any rank - family, genus or species at a given time.
2. This includes the existing taxonomic knowledge and all relevant information about the group concerned such as anatomy, chemistry, palynology, chromosome number etc.
3. Eg: Family Lentibulariaceae M.K. Janarthanam and A.N. Henry.

Author citation: This refers to valid name of the taxa accompanied by the author's name who published the name validly. Eg: Solanum nigrum L. (L stands for Linnaeus). There are two types of author citation.
1. Single author: When single author proposed a valid name, the name of the author alone is accompanied by his abbreviated name. Eg: Pithecellobium cinereum Benth.
2. Multiple authors: When more than one author are associated with valid publication of name.

Species is a group of individual organisms which have the following characters.
1. A population of organisms which closely resemble each other more than the other population.
2. They descend from a common ancestor.
3. In sexually reproducing organisms, they interbreed freely in nature, producing fertile offspring.