The HTMLelements (Tags)can bedassified as two types -
(1) Container elements
(2) Empty elements.
(1) Container Elements·
The tags which are required opening and closing is known as container elements or tags. For example: < html >, < body >, < title >, < p > etc.,
(2) Empty Elements:
The tags which are required, only opening tag is known as empty elements or tags.
For example: < br >

i) Attributes are special words used inside a tag to specify additional information to a tag. Attributes should be placed within the opening tag. Most of the tags support specialized attributes and there are also a few global elements that can be used with any tag.
ii) Global elements are common to all HTML elements; they can be used on all elements.

HTML Writing Tools:
i) To get started writing HTML, there is no need of web server, web hosting or even internet connection. We can write, test and link web pages without a network.
ii) To create and testing a HTML document i.e. web page need an application text editor to write HTML code and a browser to view them.

Step 1: Open a Browser (Internet Explorer / Mozilla Firefox or any)
Step 2: Click File ⟶ Open File (or) Press Ctrl + 0
If menu bar is not visible in your browser refer in this picture.


Step 3: From the "Open" dialog box, browse the folder in which the HTML document is saved. Choose the File name and click "Open" button.

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. HTML is a special markup language used to create web pages. This, language tells the browsers, how to display the text, images, animations and other contents of a hypertext document on the screen. The language also tells, how to make a document interactive through special hyper links.

(i) Click File \(\rightarrow\) Save (or) Press Ctrl + S
(ii) Save as dialog box appears.
(iii) In "File Name" text box, type a file name with .htm or .html extension.
(iv) Select "All Files" from "Save as type" list box.
(v) Click "Save" button.

Viewing Source file : Source file is an HTML document, what you actually type in text editor (Notepad or getit). You can view your original source fle in the browser. The following steps are to be followed to view a source file.
(i) Double click on the browser.
(ii) Select View \(\rightarrow\) PageSource(FirefoxandChrome)/ View Source (Internet Explorer) Ctrl + U (all browser).
(iii) Source file will be displayed.
(iv) In Internet Explorer, View \(\rightarrow\) Source is also used to open source file.

Attributes of < html > tag:
(i) The < html > tag is used to specify the beginning and closing of an HTML document. This tag does not have any effect on the appearance of a document. This is only used to make browsers and other programs, known that this is an HTML document.
(ii) < html > tag has two attributes viz. dir and lang to specify the text direction and language setting respectively.

The <body> tag defines the documents body. The contents of an HTML page reside within the <body> tag. <body> tag contains several attributes.
(i) Background Colour: bgcolor = color:
By default all the browsers display the text on white background. However, the background color of the browser can be changed by using bgcolor tag.
The tag to change background colour:
<body bgcolor = color_name/color_code>
<body bgcolor = yellow>
(ii) Body text Colour: text = color: The default text colour of body section is "black; it is often called as automatic color, text attribute within body tag is used to change the text colour.
The tag to change body text colour:
<body text = color_name/color_code>
<body text = #FFFF00>
(iii) Background image: background = image:
An image or picture can be applied as background to a webpage. When you insert an image as background, the text will be displayed on top of the image. Background images can be a texture or bitmap or even a photo.
The tag to apply an image as background:
<body background = "image_name_with_extenstion">
<body background = "E:\Images\ flower01.gif">
(iv) Setting Margins:margin = value : The margin refers the blank area from left or top edge of the browser window. Generally there is no default margin setting in any bowser. If you want to leave some space as margin to left or top; leftmargin or topmargin attributes will be used respectively.
The tag to specify the left and top margin:
<body leftmargin = value topmargin = value>
<body leftmargin = 50 topmargin = 50>