The sign bit indicates the sign of a number and determines whether the numerical value is positive or negative.

The C, C++ programs use the ASCII Code.

The number stored as 001001010110

(i) EBCDIC - Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
(ii) BCD - Binary Coded Decimal

In binary, a negative number may be represented by prefixing a digit 1 to the number while a positive number may be represented by prefixing a digit 0.

A decimal number system is the frequently used number system.

(128)₈
(128)₈ = 1 x 8² + 2 x 8¹ + 8 x 8⁰
= 64 + 16 +8
(128)₈  = 88₁₀ 

The term word length is used as the measure of the number of bits in each word. For example, a word  can have a length of 16 bits, 32 bits, and 64 bits

Bits, Nibble, Bytes, and Word

The radix of Decimal is 10, Binary is 2, Octal is 8 and Hexadecimal is 16

Derived gates are the gates which are derived from the fundamental logical gates. Ex. NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR.

A + (B + C) = ( A + B) + C
A. (B. C) = (A . B) .C

(i) BCD - Binary Coded Decimal.
(ii) EBCDIC - Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code.
(iii) ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
(iv) Unicode.
(v) ISCII - Indian Standard Code for Information Interchange

Since it is a positive number. 1's complement will come only for negative number.

The term data comes from the word datum, which means a raw fact. The data is a fact about people. places or some objects.
Example : Rajesh 16, XI