These roots are swollen in the middle and tapering towards both ends. ego Raphanus sativus.

Depending upon where plants grow habitats may be classified into major categories:
(i) Terrestrial and
(ii) Aquatic.

Herbs are soft stemmed plants with less wood or no wood. Phyllanthus amarus, Cleome viscosa.

In some aquatic insectivorous plants like Utricularia, some of the leaf segments of much-dissected leaves are modified to form small bladders.
Function: These bladders trap small aquatic insects.

1. Velamen is a special sponge-like tissue present in the epiphytic roots.
2. It helps in absorbing the atmospheric moisture and stores them, as these plants do not have direct contact with the soil. Eg: Vanda.

Perennial and some biennial herbs have underground stems, which are generally known as root stocks. Root stock functions as a storage and protective organ.
Eg: Potato.

Subaerial stems are found in plants with weak stem in which branches lie horizontally on the ground. These are meant for vegetative propagation. Eg: Centella.

Bulb, Corm, Rhizome, Tuber.

Runner, Stolon, Sucker, Offset.

In aquatic plants, the root cap is loosely attached to the root tip and is called a root pocket. It helps the plant to float in water.
Eg: Pistia.

1. Root cap region
2. Meristematic zone
3. Zone of elongation
4. Zone of maturation

Root tip is covered by a dome-shaped parenchymatous cells called root cap. It protects the meristematic cells in the apex.

Primary root is direct prolongation of the radicle. In most dicots it persists and forms the main root of the plant or Tap root forming the Tap root system.

(i) Root climbers: Plants climbing with the help of adventitious roots (arising from node). Eg: Piper betel,Piper nigrum, Pothos.
(ii) Stem climbers: These climbers lack specialised structure for climbing and the stem itself coils around the Support. Eg: Ipomoea, Clitoria, Quisqualis.