1. E-Mails provides faster and easy mean of communication. One can send message to any person at any place of world by just one click.
2. Its effective and cheap means of communication because single message can be sent to multiple people at same time.
3. E-mail is not just only for textual message. One can send any kind of multimedia within mail.
4. It is secure and reliable method to deliver our message.
5. To write an email there is no need of any kind of paper thus it is environment friendly.
6. Email allows the exchange of information, removes global barriers, keep communication costs low and allow business people the flexibility to access their messages from anywhere in the world.

1. Indirect access:
(i) This is most common method used in home and office networks.
(ii) The device e.g. computer connects to a network using Ethernet or Wi-Fi and the network connects to the Internet using Asymmetric digital subscriber line ADSL (cable or fibre).
2. Direct access:
(i) This is most common method used when travelling.
(ii) The device e.g. smart phone connects directly to the Internet using 3G/4G mobile networks or public Wi-Fi.
(iii) Internet access is sold by Internet Service Provider(ISPs) delivering connectivity at a wide range of data transfer rates via various networking technologies.

1. A protocol suite is defined as the set of protocols organized in different layers. The TCP/IP protocol suite is used in internet today.
2. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, is the standard internet communications protocols that allow digital computers to communicate over long distances.
3. The internet is a packet-switched network, in which information is broken down into small packets, sent individually over many different rotes at the same time, and then reassembled at the receiving end.
4. TCP is a component that collects and reassembles the packets of data, while $\mathbb{I}$ is responsible for making sure the packets are sent to the right destination.
5. TCP/IP is a hierarchical protocol suite means that each upper layer protocol receives support and services from either one or more lower-level protocols.

(i) Phishing is a types of social engineering attack often used to steal user data, including login credentials and credit card numbers.
(ii) Phishing is one of the easiest forms of cyber-attack to deliver malware.

Benefits of e-governance
(i) Reduced corruption
(ii) High transparency
(iii) Increased convenience
(iv) Reduction in overall cost
(v) Expanded reach of government.

Do's and don'ts of Safe internet:
1. Don't give out your personal information - Don't put personal details such as your home address, telephone numbers or parent's work address online as cybercriminals can use this information to create a fake profile with your details.
2. What goes online, stays online - Use privacy settings to make sure only your friends and family can see photos you post. Avoid posting holiday plans as criminals have been known to track your movements.
3. Check your security and privacy settings - Make sure your social network privacy settings are secured so only your friends can see your personal information and use your privacy settings to restrict who can see your posts, videos and photos.
4. Password safety - Sharing your password with your parents is a sensible idea, but avoid sharing your password with your friends, even if they promise they won't tell anyone! Also, when setting your password, make sure it isn't something people may guess such as your pet's name. Use a mixture of letters, numbers and upper and lower cases characters.
5. Always protect your mobile device - Make sure your mobile phone is pin-protected so all your personal information stored on it is safe. Download a security app which allows you to remotely wipe any personal data, should your mobile be lost or stolen.
6. Don't talk to strangers online or offline - Don't meet up with strangers and let your parents know if a stranger has tried to get in contact with you online.
7. Listen to the adults who know - Adults will always be worried about you. Help set their mind at rest and avoid chatting online with strangers.

There are many applications of internet such as:
1. Communication: Computer users around the world extensively use the email service on internet to communicate with each other. Pictures, documents and other files are sent as email attachments. VolP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol, referring to the protocol that underlies all internet communication.
2. Job search:
Nowadays many people search for their jobs online as it is quicker and there is a larger variety of jobs vacancies present. People can publish resume online for prospective job. Popular examples are Naukri.com, Linkedln, etc
3. Video conferencing: It enables direct face to face communication across networks via web cameras, microphones and other communication tools. Video conferencing can enable individuals in distant locations to participate in meetings on short notice, with time and money saving. Video conferencing is very interactive in education to communicate between teacher to teacher, teacher to classroom and classroom to classroom with students at different places.
4. E-commerce: E-commerce or electronic commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services, or transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network. These transactions occur either business-to-business, business to consumer, consumer to consumer or consumer to business. Flipkart, Snapdeal, Paytm, etc are example of e-commerce.
5 Travel: One can use internet to gather information about various tourist place. It can be used for booking Holiday tours. Some of the websites providing this service are goibibo.com, makemytrip.com, olacabs.com.
6. Nowadays internet is almost use in every fields. Due to increase in technology, use of internet has benefitted the users in many ways. Internet enables millions of computers from different organization and people to communicate and share resource globally.

1. Mobile:
(i) Many cell phone and smartphone providers offer voice plans with Internet access.
(ii) Mobile Internet connections provide good speeds and allow you to access the Internet.
2. DSL:
(i) DSL, which stands for Digital Subscriber Line, uses existing 2-wire copper telephone line connected to one's home so service is delivered at the same time as landline telephone service.
(ii) Customers can still place calls while surfing the Internet.
3. Satellite:
(i) In certain areas where broadband connection is not yet offered, a satellite Internet option may be available
(ii) Similar to wireless access, satellite connection utilizes a modem.
4. Cable:
(i) Cable Internet connection is a form of broadband access.
(ii) Through use of a cable modem, users can access the Internet over cable TV lines.
(iii) Cable modems can provide extremely fast access to the Internet.
5. Wireless:
(i) Radio frequency bands are used in place of telephone or cable networks.
(ii) One of the greatest advantages of wireless Internet connections is the "always-on" connection that can be accessed from any location that falls within network coverage.
(iii) Wireless connections are made possible through the use of a modem, which picks up Internet signals and sends them to other devices.