(i) The comers and borders of the windows help to drag and hence help to resize the Windows.
(ii) The mouse cursor changes to a double arrow when positioned over a border or a comer.
(iii) Drag the border or' comer in the direction indicated by the double arrow to the desired shape.
(iv) The comers can be resized diagonally by dragging it across any of the comers.
(v) It will resize the window on all the sides simultaneously.
(vi) On the other hand, the borders will let you to resize the window by either dragging it in left side, right side, from the top or from the bottom of the window.
(vii) It will change the size of the window at one side only depending on the side in which the dragging is made.

(i) When we open any application such as OpenOffice Writer, Open Office Impress or OpenOffice Calc etc., you will find two Windows on the screen.
(ii) The larger Window is called the Application Window. This Window helps the user to communicate with the Application program.
(iii) The smaller window, which is inside the Application Window, is called the Document window.
(iv) This Window is used for typing, editing, drawing, and formatting the text and graphics.

The disk drive icons graphically represent five disk drive options.
(i) Hard disk (C: D: E:)
(ii) CD-ROM/DVD Drive (F:)
(iii) Pen drive (I:)
(iv) Other removable storage such as mobile, smart phone, tablet etc.,
(v) Network drives if your system is connected with other system.

(a) Linux
(b) Windows
(c) Unix
(d) React OS
(e) Android
(f) Virtual OS

(i) An as is a system software which serves as the interface between a user and computer.
(ii) It is defined as a collection of programs that coordinates the operations of computer hardware and software.
(iii) On the basis of interaction, the Operating systems are divided in two types as GUI and CUI.

The functions of OS
(i) Process Management
(ii) Device management
(iii) Memory Management
(iv) File Management
(v) Security Management
(vi) Storage Management

(i) 16-bit - Intel 80186, Intel 80286
(ii) 32-bit - Intel 80486, Pentium IV
(iii) 64-bit - Intel dual core, Core 2duo, core i3, Core is, Core :7
(iv) 128-bit- Power PC 460 Sx embedded processor.

(i) BIu - Ray disc was developed to enable recording, rewriting and playback of high-definition video as well as storing large amount of data.
(ii) DVD uses a red laser to read and write data. But, Blu-ray uses a blue-violet laser to write. Hence, it is called as Blu-Ray.

(i) A DVD (Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Vi Disc) is an optical disc capable of storing up to 4 GB of data, more than six times what a CD hold.
(ii) DVDs are often used to store movies at a better quality than with a VHS. DVDs can also have interactive menus land bonus features such as deleted scenes and commentaries.
(iii) Like CDs, DVDs are read with a laser.

(i) PROM - Programmable Read only Memory.
(ii) EPROM - Erasable Read only Memory.
(iii) EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Read 0nly Memory.

(i)  There are two types of accessing methods to access (read and write) the memory.
(ii) They are sequential access and random access. In sequential access, the memory is accessed an orderly manner from starting to end.
(iii) But, in random access, any byte of memory can be accessed directly without navigating through previous bytes.

1) 0 \(\div \)  0 = 0
2) 0 \(\div \) 1 = 0
3) 1 \(\div \) 1 = 1
4)  0  \(\div \) 1 = infinite

(i) The octal number system is playing a vital role in digital computer work.
(ii) The octal number system has a base of 8: It means that it has eight unique symbols such as 0,1 ,2,3,4,5,6 and 7.
(iii) Thus, each digit of an octal number can have any value from 0 to 7

(i) The absolute value is the magnitude of a digit in a number.
(ii) For example, the digit 5 in 7458 has an absolute value of 5 according to its value in the number line.
(iii) The place value of a digit in a number refers to the position of the digit in that number such as tens, hundreds, and thousands.
(iv) The total value of a number is the sum of the absolute value x place value of each digit that the number consists of.
(v) The base value of a number is also known as the radix, which depends on the type of the number of systems that are being used.

101010₂
= 0010  0010
= 2        10
= 2        A
(101010)₂ = (2A)₁₆
(101010)₂ = (1 x 2⁵) + ( 0 x 2⁴) + (1 x 2³) + (0 x 2²) + ( 1x 2¹) + (0 x 2⁰)
= 32 + 0 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 42₁₀ 
(101010)₂ = (2A)₁₆ = 42₍₁₀₎

NAND and NOR gates are called Universal gates, because the fundamental logic gates can be realized through them

(i) Super Large Scale Integrated chips
(ii) Parallel Processing
(iii) Superconductors
(iv) Computers very small in size
(v) Acts more faster
(vi) Usage of High-level languages
(vii) Can recognize Images and Graphs
(viii) Introduction of Artificial Intelligence Software
(ix) Able to solve high complex problems including decision making and logical reasoning.

Fingerprint scanner :
Fingerprint Scanners is a fingerprint recognition device used for computer security equipped with the fingerprint recognition module feature that uses biometric technology. Fingerprint Reader/Scanner is very safe and convenient device for security instead of password, that is vulnerable to fraud and is hard to remember.

(i) POST (Power-On Self-Test) is the diagnostic testing sequence that a computer's basic input! output system runs to determine if the computer keyboard, random access memory, disk drives and other hardware are working correctly.
(ii) If the necessary hardware is detected and found to be operating properly, the computer begins to boot.

(i) Robot is a term coined by Karel Capek in the 1921 play RUR (Rossum's Universal Robots).
(ii) It is used to describe a computerized machine designed to respond to input received manually or from its surroundings.

(i) Machine language is a collection of binary digits or bits that the computer reads and interprets.
(ii) In first generation, machined language was used.

(i) The transistor ("transfer resistance") is made up of semiconductors.
(ii) It is a component used to control the amount of current or voltage or used for amplification modulation or switching of an electronic signal.

(i) In OpersOffice writer, a document can be protected with a password. You can set a password to protect your document while saving a file.
(ii) To save a file with password, click on "Save with Password"check box and then click "Save" button. Immediately it shows "Set Password" dialog box. 
(iii) In this dialog box, Enter a password in "Enter Password to open" text box and retype the same password in "Confirm Password" box for confirmation. Finally click "OK" button.
(iv) "More Options" button provides some more features to your protected document such as "Read only" and change password.