(a) 10
10
(b) 6

(i) f = 5 +3/5
= 5+0
f = 5.0
(ii) c = 5*1/5+6
= 7.5+6 = 13.6
c = 13
(iii) e = 1/5*5+3
= 7.5+3
c =10
(iv) e = 5-(3) *(0.5)
= 5-(1-5)
= 3.5
c = 3
(v) f= 4*4-5
= 16-5
=11
f = 11.0

A logical operator is used to evaluate logical and relational expressions. The logical operators act upon operands that are themselves called as logical expressions. C++ provides three logical operators.

Operator	Operation	Description
&&	AND	The logical AND combines two different relational expressions into one. It returns 1 (True) if both expressions are true, otherwise, it returns 0 (false).
||	OR	The logical OR combines two different relational expressions into one. It returns 1 (True), if either one of the expressions is true. It returns 0 (false), if both the expression are false.
!	NOT	NOT works on a single expression/operand. It simply negates or inverts the truth value. i.e., if an operand / expression is 1 (true) then this operator returns 0 (false) and vice versa.

Integer Constants / Fixed point constants: Integers are whole numbers without any fractions. An integer constant must have at least one digit without a decimal point. It may be signed or unsigned. Signed integers are considered as negative. In C++, there are three types of integer constants:
(i) Decimal:
1. Any sequence of one or more digits (0.....9)
2. It may or may not be signed.
3. Comma and blank spaces are not allowed as part of it.

Valid Decimal constants	Invalid Decimal constants
725	7,500 (Comma is not allowed)
-27	5  66(Blank space is not allowed)
4.56

Note: If a Decimal constant with fractions, then the compiler will take only the integer part of the value and it will ignore its fractional part. This is called as "Implicit Conversion". It will bediscussed late.
For example: If you assign 4.56 as an integer decimal constant, the compiler will accept only the integer portion of 4.56 ie. 4. It will simply ignore.56.
(ii) Octal:
1. Any sequence of one or more octal values (0 ...7 ) that starts with 0 is considered as an Octal constant.
2. It may or may not be signed.
3. Decimal points(Dot), Commas and blank spaces are not allowed as part of it.

Valid Octal	Invalid Octal constants
012	05,600 (Comma is not allowed)
-027	04.56(Decimal point is not allowed)
+0231	0158 (8 is not a permissible digit in octal system)

** When you use a fractional number that beings with 0, it will be considered as an integer number not as Octal.
(iii) Hexadecimal:
1. Any sequence of one or more Hexadecimal values (0 ... 9, A .... E) that starts with Ox or OXis considered as a Hexadecimal constant.
2. All Hexadecimal values are unsigned
3. Decimal points(Dot), Commas and blank spaces are not allowed as part of it.

Valid Hexadecimal constants	Invalid Hexadecimal constants
0 x 123	0 x 1, A5 (Comma is not allowed)
0 x 568	0x.14E(The decimal point is not allowed
	-0 x 8E55 (Sign not allowed)

C	C++
C is a subset of C++	C++ is a superset of C
Supports Procedural Programming Paradigm.	Supports both Procedural and Object Oriented Programming. So, C++ is also called as "Hybrid Language".
Data and Functions are separate and free entities.	Data and functions are encapsulated together in form of an object.
No Data hiding.	Encapsulation hides data.
Function-driven language.	Object-driven language.
Does not have a namespace feature.	Uses namespace which avoids name collision.
scanf and printf functions are used for input and output.	cin and cout objects are used for input and output.
Not support reference variable.	Supports reference variable.
Not support virtual and friend functions.	Supports virtual and friend functions.
No Exception handling.	Supports exception handling.