Process Management:
Process management is a function that includes creating and deleting processes and providing mechanisms for processes to communicate and synchronize with each other.
A process is a unit of work (program) in a computer. A word processing program being run by an individual user on.a computer is a process. A system task, such as sending output to a printer or screen, can also be called as a Process.
A computer consists of a collection of processes, they are classified as two categories:
1. Operating System processes which is executed by system code
2. User Processes which is executed by user code. All these processes can potentially execute concurrently on a single CPU. A process needs certain resources including CPU time, memory, files and 110 devices to finish its task.
The Operating System is responsible for the following activities associated with the process management:
1. Scheduling processes and threads on the CPUs.
2. Creating and deleting both user and system processes
3. Suspending and resuming processes.
4. Providing mechanisms for process synchronization.
5. Providing mechanisms for the process communication
The following algorithms are mainly used to allocate the job (process) to the processor.
1. FIFO
2. SJF
3. Round Robin
4. Based on Priority.

(I) OS for mobile devices

(Il) Android

Microsoft Windows is a family of proprietary operating systems designed by Microsoft Corporation and primarily targeted to Intel architecture based computers. Windows comes as pre-loaded on most of the new personal Computers and laptops.

Microsoft Windows Home Screen
iOS - iPhone OS
iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. It is the operating system that presently powers many of the company's mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch. It is the second most popular mobile operating system globally after Android.

iPhone Home Screen.

(i) File management is an important function of OS which handles the data storage techniques. The operating system manages the files, folders, and directory systems on a computer.
(ii) Any type of data in a computer is stored in the form of files and directories/folders through File Allocation Table (FAT).
(iii) The FAT stores general information about files like filename, type (text or binary), size, starting address and access mode (sequential/indexed / indexed-sequential/direct/relative).
(iv) The file manager of the operating system helps to create, edit, copy, allocate memory to the files, and also updates the FAT.
(v) The OS also takes care of the files that are opened with proper access rights to read or edit them. There are few other file management techniques available like Next-Generation File System (NTFS) and ext2(Linux).

iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile Operating System created and developed by Apple Inc., exclusively for its hardware. It is the Operating System that presently powers many of the company's mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch. It is the second most popular mobile Operating System globally after Android.