1. TSCII (Tamil Script Code for Information Interchange) is the first coding system to handle our Tamil language.
2. This encoding scheme was registered in IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) a unit of ICANN.
3. This is one of the encoding schemes specially designed for Indian languages including Tamil. It was unified with Unicode.
4. Unicode is an encoding system, designed to handle various world languages, including Tamil. Its first version 1.0.0 was introduced in October 1991. Unicode is the best suitable to handle Tamil.
5. Computers use ASCll encoding system to handle data and information. because computers handle data and information as binary system. But ASCII encoding system is applicable only for handling English language. So TSCII (Tamil Script Code for Information Interchange) came in demand.

(i) Microsoft PowerPoint, the famous presentations software used for office and instructional power point slides, uses the PPT file extension for a presentation file format. The PPT file contains all of the text, images, audio, and picture used during presentation.
(ii) A presentation that can be opened in PowerPoint 2007 and newer versions on a PC, or PowerPoint 2008 and newer versions on a Mac.
(iii) The show can also be used on any mobile device that has PowerPoint enabled.

(i) Sorting is the process of re-arranging data in ascending or descending order.
(ii) Sorting is the arrangement of data in certain order as per the requirement.

Copy -Paste	Cut-Paste
Select the cell or group of cells you want to copy, then using Select Edit → Copy or Click "Copy" icon from the standard tool bar or Press Ctrl + C	Select the cell or group of cells you want to cut, them using Edit → Cut or Click "Cut" icon from the standard tool bar or Press Ctrl + X
Move the cell pointer to the cell in which you want to paste, Edit → paste or Press or Click "Paste" icon or Press Ctrl + V	Move the cell pointer to the cell in which you want to paste, Edit → Paste or Click "Paste" icon or Press Ctrl + V

The device management includes the following features on I/O devices.
(i) Speed
(ii) Unit of Transfer
(iii) Data Representation
(iv) Sharing
(v) Buffering
(vi) Spooling.

High-Definition Multimedia Interface is an audio/ video interface which transfers the uncompressed video and audio data from a video controller, to a compatible computer monitor, LCD projector, digital television etc.

(i) There are two procedures for converting from decimal to binary.
(ii) They are
Expansion Method
Repeated division by 2.

The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute. The secondary memory is used to store the data permanently.

Changing the default appearance of the text like changing the font type, size, color, style etc., are called as Text formatting.

1. A protocol suite is defined as the set of protocols organized in different layers. The TCP/IP protocol suite is used in internet today.
2. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, is the standard internet communications protocols that allow digital computers to communicate over long distances.
3. The internet is a packet-switched network, in which information is broken down into small packets, sent individually over many different rotes at the same time, and then reassembled at the receiving end.
4. TCP is a component that collects and reassembles the packets of data, while $\mathbb{I}$ is responsible for making sure the packets are sent to the right destination.
5. TCP/IP is a hierarchical protocol suite means that each upper layer protocol receives support and services from either one or more lower-level protocols.

(i) Slide sorter view is to rearranged the sliders. A thumbnail of each slide in order, use this view to rearrange the order of slides, produce a timed slide show, or add transitions between selected slides. The tasks pane on the right displays four pages that allow you to specify the master slide, layout, transitions, and animation effects for the object on your slides.
(ii) Slide sorter view is to rearrange the sliders.

Range is the range to which the criteria are to be applied.
Example: Criteria indicates the criteria in the form of a number, an expression or a text string. These criteria determine which cells are counted.
A1:A10 is a cell range containing the numbers 2000 to 2009. Cell B1 contains the number 2006. In cell B2, you enter a formula:
= COUNTIF (A1:A10;2006) - this returns 1

Save - This will save the document without asking for a new name or location. It will overwrite the original.
Save As - This will prompt you to save the document using a dialog box. This allows to change the file name or location.

32-bit	64-bit
Data bus is 32-bit wide	Data bus 64-bits wide
Supports maximum of 3-4 GB of memory	It supports more than 4GB
Processing Power is law.	Processing Power is high
Example Pentium IV	Example Core i3, Core i7.

De Morgan's
\(\bar { A+B } =\bar { A } .\bar { B } \)
\(\left( \bar { A.B } \right) =\bar { A } +\bar { B } \)

(i) Computer is the powerful machine.
(ii) It can perform large number of tasks.
(iii) The main capacities of computer are work length, speed accuracy, diligence, versatility memory and automation and lots of more tasks.

Step 1: Select the required paragraph.
Step 2: Click tools ⟶ word count Number of words and character in the selected paragraph appear in word count dialog box.

To insert rows in a table there are different ways:
(i) The easiest way to add a row is to press Tab from the last cell.
(ii) To insert a single row anywhere, place the insertion point in that particular cell and click the Insert row icon  from the Table Formatting toolbar.
(iii) To insert more than one row, click Table ⟶ Insert ⟶ Rows, the Insert Rows dialog box appears enter the of value using spin arrows or type the number directly. In the position option, select Before or After radio button to specify the position of the row.
(iv) Click OK button
Inserting Columns:
To insert columns there are different ways
(i) Place the insertion point in the particular column and click the Insert column icon   to insert a blank column right of the insertion point.
(ii) To insert more than one column, place the insertion point in the particular column and click Table ⟶ Insert ⟶ Column, the insert column dialog box appears enter the value using spin arrows or type the number directly.
(iii) In the position option, select Before or After radio button to specify the position of the column.
(iv) Click OK button

Wired Technology: Wired technology is more associated with wired communication. Wired technology refers to the transmission of data over a wired based communication technology.
Types of bounded media in the data transmission:
1. Twisted pair Cable:
(i) A twisted pair consists of two conductors (normally copper), each with its own plastic insulation, twisted together.
(ii) One of these wires is used to carry signals to the receiver, and the other is used only as ground reference. In addition to the signal sent by the sender on one of the wires, interference (noise) and crosstalk may affect both wires and create unwanted signals.
(iii) Twisted Pair is of two types:
(a) Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
(b) Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
2. Fibre Optical Cable:
(i) A fibre-optical cable is made of glass or plastic and transmits signals in the form of light.
(ii) In fibre optical cable, light moves only in one direction.
(iii) For two-way communication to take place a second communication must be made between the two devices.
(iv) Optical fibres use reflection to guide light through a channel. A glass or plastic core is surrounded by a cladding of less dense glass or plastic.
(v) The difference in density of the two materials must be such that a beam of light moving through the core is reflected off the cladding instead of being refracted into it.
3. Coaxial Cable:
(i) Coaxial is called by this name because it contains two conductors that are parallel to each other.
(ii) Copper is used in this as a central conductor. It is surrounded by PVCinstallation.
(iii) Outer metallic wrapping is used as a shield against noise and as a second conductor which completes the circuit.
(iv) The outer conductor is also encased inan insulating sheath.
(v) The outermost partis the plastic cover which protects the whole cable.
(vi) Anything and everything you see around yourself having wires and uses electricity to operate belongs to wired technology.

Open the presentation and then follow the below given steps:
1. On the 'Home' Tab → Editing → Choose → Replace option. Top left of the screen, then click Find → Replace option.
2. New window pops-out. Find what box.
3. In the find what box, you can enter the word 'Miss-pelt school name'.
4. Then in the replace with box enter the correct 'school name word' and then click 'Replace All' option.
5. Now, the correct school Name will be changed in all slides.
6. After following the above steps correctly, one can rectify the mistake.

In cell A1, type Roll no
In cell B1, type Name
In cell C1, type English
In cell D1, type Tamil
In cell E1, type Maths
In cell F1, type Science
In cell G1, type Social
In cell H1, type Total
In cell 11, type Average.

S.No	Versions	Logo	Year	Prominent feature
1.	Windows 1.x		1985	1. Introduction of GUI in 16 - bit. processor 2. Mouse was introduced as an input device
2.	Windows 2.x		1987	1. Supports to minimize or maximize windows. 2. Control panel feature was introduced with various system settings and customising options.
3.	Windows 3.x		1992	1. Introduced the concept of multitasking. 2. Supported 256 colours which brought a more modem, colourful look to the interface.
4.	Windows 95		1995	1. Introduced Start button, the taskbar, Windows Explorer and Start menu. 2. Introduced 32 - bit processor and focused more on multitasking.
5.	Windows 98		1998	1. Integration of the Web browser (Internet Explorer) with the Operating System. 2. DOS gaming began to disappear as Windows based games improved. 3. Plug and play feature was introduced.
6.	Windows NT			Designed to act as servers in network.
7.	Windows Me		2000	IIt introduced automated system diagnostics and recovery tools.
8.	Windows 2000		2000	1. Served as an Operating System for business desktop and laptop systems. 2. Four versions of Windows 2000 were released: Professional (for business) 3. desktop and laptop systems), Server (both a Web server and an office server), 4. Advanced Server (for line-of-business applications) and Data Centre Server (for high traffic computer networks).
9	Windows XP		2001	1. Introduced 64-bit Processor. 2. Improved Windows appearance with themes and offered a stable version
10.	Windows Vista		2006	Updated the look and feel of Windows
11.	Windows 7		2009	Booting time was improved, introduced new user interfaces like Aero Peek, pinning programs to taskbar, handwriting recognition etc. and Internet Explorer 8.
12.	Windows 8		2012	1. Windows 8 was faster than previous versions of Windows. 2. Start button was removed 3. Windows 8 takes better advantage of multicore processing, solid state drives (SSD), touch screens and other alternate input methods. 4. Served as common platform for mobile and computer.
13.	Windows 10		2015	1. Start Button was added again. 2. Multiple desktop. 3. Central Notification Center for App notification and quick actions. 4. Cortana voice activated personal assistant.

(a) System Software
(b) Provide a platform to run application programs and activate the basic level hardware.
(c) Act as an interface between user, software and hardware.
(d) 1. Real Time OS
     2. BOSS
     3. Interactive OS
(e) 1. Process Management
     2. Storage Management
     3. Device Management.

Hard disk:
(i) Hard disk is a magnetic disk on which you can store data. The hard disk has the stacked arrangement of disks accessed by a pair of heads for each of the disks.
(ii) The hard disks come with a single or double-sided disk.
Compact Disk (CD):

(i) A CD or CD-ROM is made from 1.2 millimetres thick, polycarbonate plastic material. A thin layer of aluminium or gold is applied to the surface.
(ii) CD data is represented as tiny indentations known as "pits", encoded in a spiral track moulded into the top of the polycarbonate layer. The areas between pits are known as "lands".
(iii) A motor within the CD player rotates the disk. The capacity of an ordinary CD- ROM is 700MB.
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD):

(i) A DVD (Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc) is an optical disc capable of storing up to 4.7 GB of data, more than six times what a CD can hold.
(ii) DVDs are often used to store movies at a better quality. Like CDs, DVDs are read with a laser. The disc can have one or two sides, and one or two layers of data per side; the number of sides and layers determines how much it can hold.
(iii) A 12 em diameter disc with single sided, single layer has 4.7 GB capacity, whereas the single sided, double layer has 8.5 GB capacity.
(iv) The 8 em DVD has 1.5 GB capacity. The capacity of a DVD-ROM can be visually determined by noting the number of data sides of the disc. Double-layered sides- are usually gold-coloured, while single-layered sides are usually silver-coloured, like a CD.

Booting of computer:
(i) An Operating system (OS) is a basic software that makes the computer to work. When a computer is switched on, there is no information in its RAM.
(ii) At the same time, in ROM, the pre-written program called POST (Power on Self Test) will be executed first. This program checks if the devices like RAM, keyboard, etc., are connected properly and ready to operate. If these devices are ready, then the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) gets executed. This process is called Booting.
(iii) Thereafter, a program called "Bootstrap Loader" transfers OS from hard disk into main memory. Now the OS gets loaded (Windows/Linux, etc.,) and will get executed. Booting process is of two types.
1) Cold Booting
 2) Warm Booting
(iv) Cold Booting:
When the system starts from initial state i.e. it is switched on, we call it cold booting or Hard Booting. When the user presses the Power button, the instructions are read from the ROM to initiate the booting process.
(v) Warm Booting:
When the system restarts or when Reset button is pressed, we call it Warm Booting or Soft Booting. The system does not start from initial state arid so all diagnostic tests need not be carried out in this case. There are chances of data loss and system damage as the data might not have been stored properly.

(i) Mail merge is a process to create personalized letters and pre-addressed enveloped or mailing labels forms mailings form a form letter
(ii) The feature is usually employed in a word processing document which contains fixed text and variables (which act as place holders that are replaced by text from the data source.)
(iii) It is used to create multiple documents at once. These documents have identical layout, formatting, text and graphics.
(iv) The documents can create will mail merge include bulk labels, letters, envelops and emails and more using information stored in a list, database or spreadsheet

Resize the position of Table:
A newly created table will occupy the entire width of the page area by default. The table can be resized as per our requirement:
(i) To resize a table quickly, move the mouse over the table edge until the cursor becomes a double headed arrow, and drag the border to its new desired position.
(ii) To resize a row height/column width using Mouse:
(iii) To resize row height
(iv) Move the insertion point over the horizontal border for the row height now the insertion point will change into double headed arrow, click and drag to resize the row height.