11th Standard Syllabus & Materials
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Published on: 13/05/2022
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Take MCQ Maths Test1.
Let \(\overrightarrow { a } ,\overrightarrow { b } \) and \(\overrightarrow { c } \) be non-coplanar vectors. Let A, B and C be the points whose position vectors with respect to the origin O are \(\overrightarrow { a } +2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } ,-2\overrightarrow { a } +3\overrightarrow { b } +5\overrightarrow { c } \) and \(7\overrightarrow { a } -\overrightarrow { c } \) respectively. Then prove that A, B and C are collinear.
2.
Find \(|\overrightarrow { x } |\) if for a unit vector \(\overrightarrow { a } ,(\overrightarrow { x } -\overrightarrow { a } ).(\overrightarrow { x } +\overrightarrow { a } )=12\)
3.
Show that each of the given three vectors is a unit vector. \(\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (2\hat { i } +3\hat { j } +6\hat { k } );\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (3\hat { i } -6\hat { j } +2\hat { k } );\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (6\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -3\hat { k } )\) Also, show that they are mutually perpendicular to each other.
4.
Find the real value of \(\lambda \) so that the vectors \(\overrightarrow { a } =\hat { i } +\hat { j } +\lambda \hat { k } \) and \(\overrightarrow { b } =2\hat { i } +\lambda \hat { k } \) are perpendicular.
5.
Find the angle A of the triangle whose vertices are A(0, -1, 2), B(3, 1, 4) and C(5, 7, 1).
6.
Find the unit vector in the direction of the vector \(\overrightarrow { a } -2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } \) if \(\overrightarrow { a } =\hat { i } +\hat { j } ,\overrightarrow { b } =\hat { j } +\hat { k } \) and \(\overrightarrow { c } =\hat { i } +\hat { k } \) .
7.
If \({1\over2},{1\over \sqrt{2}}\), a are the direction cosines of some vector, then find a.
8.
Find the unit vectors perpendicular to each of the vectors \(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\) and \(\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\), where \(\overrightarrow{a}=\hat{i}+\hat{j} +\hat{k} \) and \(\overrightarrow{b} =\hat{i}+2\hat{j} +3\hat{k} \).
9.
If \(\overrightarrow{a}=-3\hat{i}+4\hat{j}-7\hat{k}\) and \(\overrightarrow{b}=6\hat{i}+2\hat{j}-3\hat{k},\) verify \(\overrightarrow{a}\) are \(\overrightarrow{a}\times \overrightarrow{b}\) perpendicular to each other.
10.
If \(\overrightarrow{a},\overrightarrow{b}\) are unit vectors and \(\theta\) is the angle between them, show that \(cos {\theta \over 2}={1\over2}|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}|\)
1.
Given \(\overrightarrow { OA } =\overrightarrow { a } +2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } \)
\(\overrightarrow { OB } =-2\overrightarrow { a } +3\overrightarrow { b } +5\overrightarrow { c } \) and \(\overrightarrow { OC } =7\overrightarrow { a } -\overrightarrow { c } \)
Then \(\overrightarrow { AB } =\overrightarrow { OB } -\overrightarrow { OA } =(-2\overrightarrow { a } +3\overrightarrow { b } +5\overrightarrow { c } )-(\overrightarrow { a } +2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } )=-3\overrightarrow { a } +\overrightarrow { b } +2\overrightarrow { c } \)
\(\overrightarrow { AC } =\overrightarrow { OC } -\overrightarrow { OA } =(7\overrightarrow { a } -\overrightarrow { c } )-(\overrightarrow { a } +2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } )=6\overrightarrow { a } -2\overrightarrow { b } -4\overrightarrow { c } \)
\(=-2(-3\overrightarrow { a } +\overrightarrow { b } +2\overrightarrow { c } )=-2\overrightarrow { AB } \)
\(\therefore \overrightarrow { AC } ||\overrightarrow { AB } \) and A is a common points. Hence, the points A, B and C are collinear.
2.
Given \(|\overrightarrow { a } |=1\) and \(\left( \overrightarrow { x } -\overrightarrow { a } \right) \left( \overrightarrow { x } +\overrightarrow { a } \right) =12\)
\(\Rightarrow \quad \overrightarrow { x } .\overrightarrow { x } -\overrightarrow { a } .\overrightarrow { x } +\overrightarrow { x } .\overrightarrow { a } -\overrightarrow { a } .\overrightarrow { a } =12\)

\(\Rightarrow \quad { |\overrightarrow { x } }|^{ 2 }-{ |\overrightarrow { a } }|^{ 2 }=12\) \(\left[ \because |\overrightarrow { a } |=1 \right] \)
\(\Rightarrow \quad { |\overrightarrow { x } | }^{ 2 }=13\)
\(\Rightarrow \quad |\overrightarrow { x } |=\sqrt { 13 } \)
3.
Let \(\overrightarrow { a } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (2\hat { i } +3\hat { j } +6\hat { k } )\)
\(\overrightarrow { b } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (3\hat { i } -6\hat { j } +2\hat { k } )\)
and \(\overrightarrow { c } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (6\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -3\hat { k } )\) be given vectors.
Then, \(\left| \overrightarrow { a } \right| =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } \sqrt { { 2 }^{ 2 }+{ 3 }^{ 2 }+{ 6 }^{ 2 } } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } \sqrt { 4+9+36 } =\frac { \sqrt { 49 } }{ 7 } =\frac { 7 }{ 7 } =1\)
\(|\overrightarrow { b } |=\frac { 1 }{ 7 } \sqrt { { 3 }^{ 2 }+({ -6) }^{ 2 }+{ 2 }^{ 2 } } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } \sqrt { 9+36+4 } =\frac { \sqrt { 49 } }{ 7 } =\frac { 7 }{ 7 } =1\)
\(|\overrightarrow { c } |=\frac { 1 }{ 7 } \sqrt { { 6 }^{ 2 }+{ 2 }^{ 2 }+{ (-3) }^{ 2 } } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } \sqrt { 36+4+9 } =\frac { \sqrt { 49 } }{ 7 } =\frac { 7 }{ 7 } =1\)
Now, \(\overrightarrow { a } .\overrightarrow { b } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (2\hat { i } +3\hat { j } +6\hat { k } ).\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (3\hat { i } -6\hat { j } +2\hat { k) } =\frac { 1 }{ 49 } (6-18+12)=\frac { 0 }{ 49 } =0\)
\(\Rightarrow \overrightarrow { a } \bot \overrightarrow { b } \)
\(\overrightarrow { b } .\overrightarrow { c } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (3\hat { i } -6\hat { j } +2\hat { k } ).\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (6\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -3\hat { k } )=\frac { 1 }{ 49 } (18-12-6)=\frac { 0 }{ 49 } =0\)
\(\Rightarrow \overrightarrow { b } \bot \overrightarrow { c } \)
\(\overrightarrow { c } .\overrightarrow { a } =\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (6\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -3\hat { k } ).\frac { 1 }{ 7 } (2\hat { i } +3\hat { j } +6\hat { k } )=\frac { 1 }{ 49 } (12+6-18)=\frac { 0 }{ 49 } =0\)
\(\Rightarrow \overrightarrow { c } \bot \overrightarrow { a } \)
Thus \(\overrightarrow { a } ,\overrightarrow { b } \) and \(\overrightarrow { c } \) are mutually perpendicular to each other.
4.
Given \(\overrightarrow { a } =\hat { i } +\hat { j } +\lambda \hat { k } \) and \(\overrightarrow { b } =2\hat { i } +\lambda \hat { k } \)
Since \(\overrightarrow { a } \) and \(\overrightarrow { b } \) are perpendicular to each other,
\(\overrightarrow { a } .\overrightarrow { b } =0\)
\((\hat { i } +\hat { j } +\lambda \hat { k } ).(2\hat { i } +\lambda \hat { k } )=0\)
\(1(2)+1(0)+\lambda (\lambda )=0\)
\(2+{ \lambda }^{ 2 }=0\)
\(\\ { \lambda }^{ 2 }=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow \lambda =\pm \sqrt { -2 } \) which is not possible.
Thus, there exists no real value of \(\lambda \)
5.
Let \(\overrightarrow { OA } =\hat { -j } -2\hat { k } ,\overrightarrow { OB } =3\hat { i } +\hat { j } +4\hat { k } \) and \(\\ \overrightarrow { OC } =5\hat { i } +7\hat { j } +\hat { k } \)
\(\overrightarrow { AB } =\overrightarrow { OB } -\overrightarrow { OA } =(3\hat { i } +\hat { j } +4\hat { k } )-(-\hat { j } -2\hat { k } 0=3\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +6\hat { k } \)
\(\therefore |\overrightarrow { AB } |=\sqrt { { 3 }^{ 2 }+{ 2 }^{ 2 }+{ 6 }^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { 9+4+36 } =\sqrt { 49=7 } \)
\(\overrightarrow { AC } =\overrightarrow { OC } -\overrightarrow { OA } =(5\hat { i } +7\hat { j } +\hat { k } )-(-\hat { j } -2\hat { k } )=5\hat { i } +8\hat { j } +3\hat { k } \)
\(|\overrightarrow { AC } |=\sqrt { { 5 }^{ 2 }+{ 8 }^{ 2 }+{ 3 }^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { 25+64+9 } =\sqrt { 98 } =\sqrt { 49\times 2 } =7\sqrt { 2 } \)
Now, \(\overrightarrow { AB } .\overrightarrow { AC } =(3\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +6\hat { k } ).(5\hat { i } +8\hat { j } +3\hat { k } )=15+16+18=49\)
\(\therefore cosA=\frac { \overrightarrow { AB } \overrightarrow { AC } }{ |\overrightarrow { AB } ||\overrightarrow { AC } | } =\frac { 49 }{ 7\times 7\sqrt { 2 } } =\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } =cos\frac { \pi }{ 4 } \)
\(\Rightarrow \quad A=\frac { \pi }{ 4 } \)
6.
Given Now, \(\overrightarrow { a } =\hat { i } +\hat { j } ;\overrightarrow { b } =\hat { j } +\hat { k } ;\overrightarrow { c } =\hat { i } +\hat { k } \)
\(\therefore \overrightarrow { a } -2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } =(\hat { i } +\hat { j } )-2(\hat { j } +\hat { k } )+3(\hat { i } +\hat { k } )=4\hat { i } -\hat { j } +\hat { k } \)
\(\therefore |\overrightarrow { a } -2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } |=\sqrt { { 4 }^{ 2 }+{ (-1) }^{ 2 }+{ 1 }^{ 1 } } =\sqrt { 16+1+1 } =\sqrt { 18 } =\sqrt { 9\times 2 } =3\sqrt { 2 } \)
Thus, the unit vector in the direction of \(\overrightarrow { a } -2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } \) is
\(\frac { \overrightarrow { a } -2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } }{ |\overrightarrow { a } -2\overrightarrow { b } +3\overrightarrow { c } | } =\frac { 1 }{ 3\sqrt { 2 } } (4\hat { i } -\hat { j } +\hat { k } )\)
7.
Given direction cosines of some vector are \({1\over2},{1\over \sqrt{2}}\),a
Let \(l={1\over2},m={1\over \sqrt{2}},n=a\)
We know that \(l^2+m^2+n^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow ({1\over2})^2+({1\over \sqrt{2}})^2+a^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow {1\over4}+{1\over2}+a^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2=1-{1\over4}-{1\over2}={4-1-2\over 4}={1\over4}\)
\(a=\pm \sqrt{1\over4}\Rightarrow a=\pm{1\over2}\)
8.
Given \(\vec{a}\)= \(\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}\) and \(\vec{b}=\hat{i}+2\hat{j}+3\hat{k}\)
\(\vec { a } +\vec { b } =2\hat { i } +3\hat { j } +4\hat { k } \)
\(\vec { a } -\vec { b } =-\hat{j}-2\hat{k}\)
A unit vector which is perpendicular to \((\vec { a } +\vec { b } )\) and \((\vec { a } +\vec { b } )\) is
\(\left| \begin{matrix} \hat { i } & \hat { j } & \hat { k } \\ 2 & 3 & 4 \\ 0 & -1 & -1 \end{matrix} \right| =\hat { i } (-6+4)-\hat { j } (-4+0)+\hat { k } (-2+0)\)
= -2 \(\hat{i}\)+4\(\hat{j}\)-2\(\hat{k}\)
Its magnitude is \(\sqrt { { (-2) }^{ 2 }+{ 4 }^{ 2 }+{ (-2) }^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { 4+16+4 } =\sqrt { 24 } =\sqrt { 4\times 6 } =2\sqrt { 6 } \)
\(\therefore\) The unit vector which is perpendicular to\((\vec { a } +\vec { b } )\) and \((\vec { a } +\vec { b } )\) is
\(\pm \frac { (-2\hat { i } +4\hat { j } -2\hat { k } ) }{ 2\sqrt { 6 } } =\pm \frac { (-\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -\hat { k } ) }{ \sqrt { 6 } } \)
9.
\(\overrightarrow{a}\times \overrightarrow{b}=\)\(\begin{vmatrix} \hat { i } & \hat { j } & \hat { k } \\ -3 & 4 & -7 \\ 6 & 2 & -3 \end{vmatrix}\)\(=\hat{i}(-12+14)-\hat{j}(9+42)+\hat{k}(-6-24)=2\hat{i}-51\hat{j}-30\hat{k}\)
\(\overrightarrow{a}.(\overrightarrow{a}\times \overrightarrow{b})=(-3\hat{i}+4\hat{j}-7\hat{k}).(2\hat{i}-51\hat{j}-30\hat{k})=-6-204+210=0\)
Therefore, \(\overrightarrow{a}\) and \(\overrightarrow{a}\times \overrightarrow{b}\) are perpendicular.
10.
Let \(\overrightarrow{a}\)and \(\overrightarrow{b}\) be the unit vectors and \(\theta\) is the angle between \(\overrightarrow{a}\) and \(\overrightarrow{b}\).
Consider \(|\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}|^2=|\overrightarrow{a}|^2+|\overrightarrow{b}|^2-2(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b})\) \([\because |\overrightarrow{a}|=1;|\overrightarrow{b}|=1]\)
\(=1+1-2|\overrightarrow{a}||\overrightarrow{b}|cos \theta =2+2cos \theta\)
\(=2(1+cos \theta)=2.2cos^2{\theta \over2}=4cos^2{\theta \over2}\)
\(\therefore |\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}|=2cos{\theta \over2}\)
\(\Rightarrow cos{\theta \over2}={1\over 2}|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}|\)
11th Standard Syllabus & Materials
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