(i) The peasant (in Source C) is trying to bring to the notice of the local lord the great injustice meted out them by the law.
(ii) He was highlighting his people's grievances and appealing to the goodness of the local lord by talking how the law favours the rich and landed.
How harsh, unjust, discriminatory the law was towards the poor.
(iii) How for small thefts they had to pay with their life while the landed got away with big crimes.
(iv) How the lords are above punishment even when their actions might affect hundreds of poor men.
(v) How the injured poor have no source of redress.
(vi) How the poor is denied even the bare means of subsistence.

The Portuguese had introduced opium into China in the 16th century.

(i) Regular land revenue system: The British saw land revenue as a major source of government income. To build the resources of the state efforts were made to impose a regular system of land revenue, increase revenue rates and expand area under cultivation.
(ii) Decline of area under forests and pasture: As cultivation expanded the area under forests and pastures declined.
(iii) Restrictions: Peasants and pastoralists access to forests and grazing lands was increasingly restricted by rules and regulations.
(iv) Peasants struggle: The peasants struggled to meet the pressures of government revenue demand.
(v) Variety of Crops: Needs of the world market especially Britain dictated what rural India produced. In the early 19th century indigo and opium were two major commercial crops but by the end of the century they were producing sugarcane, cotton, jute, wheat and several other crops for export, to feed the population of urban Europe and to supply raw materials to the mills of Lancashire and Manchester in England.

American farmers got encouraged to undertake expansion of wheat production because:
(i) The expansion of White Americans in the Great Plains made available large tracts of virgin land suitable for wheat cultivation.
(ii) The demands of the growing urban population and booming export market.
(iii) Increase in wheat prices.
(iv) Spread of railways made possible transportation of grain from wheat growing regions to the eastern coast for export.
(v) In the wake of World War I supplies of wheat from Russian were cut-off to Europe. The US farmers responded to the need of the time by undertaking increased wheat cultivation.

(i) The American War of Independence was fought from 1775 to 1783.
(ii) The country that came into existence after the war United States of America (U.S.A.).

Rich farmers invested in threshing machines because:
(i) They feared shortage of labour due to Napoleonic wars.
(ii) Moreover they felt that the available labour was insolent, lazy and prone to drinking.
(iii) To reduce dependence on labour and increase efficiency.

The term British Agricultural Revolution describes a period of agricultural developments in Britain between 16th century and mid-18th century which saw a massive increase in agricultural production and net output.

(i) The 16th century proceeded slowly and were created by individual landlords with the intention to promote sheep farming.
(ii) In the 18th century, unlike the 16th century, there was a frantic effort to enclose lands, signifying changing times. Land was enclosed to promote grain production.

(i) In the 16th century price of wool increased. This prompted rich farmers to expand wool production to increase profits. For this purpose they were keen to enclose lands.
(ii) To improve sheep breeding and ensure good feed enclosures became necessary, They therefore began to enclose common land grows hedges around their holdings to keep out the poor. .~
iiii) These enclosures were usually created by individual efforts and not supported by the state or church. '
(iv) To increase wool production, these Enclosures in the 18th century were driven by need to increase grain production.
(v) Rapid expansion of English population, growing industrialisation and urbanisation led to increase in demand and price of grain.
(vi) By the end ofthe 18th century, England was at war with France. This disrupted import of foodgrain supplies. M'Prices increased further, landowners enclosed lands to bring land under cultivation. Landowners pressurised.the Parliament to pass Enclosure Acts.
(vii) By 1850, nearly 6 million hectares of land was enclosed and the British Parliament had passed 4,000 Acts legalising these enclosures.

Native Americans lived by hunting, gathering, fishing; others cultivated corn, beans, tobacco and pumpkin.