The law states that while stretching the three fingers of left hand in perpendicular manner with each other, if the direction of the current is denoted by middle finger of the left hand and the second finger is for direction of the magnetic field then the thumb of the left hand denotes the direction of the force or movement of the conductor.

If the current carrying conductor is held in the right hand such that the thumb points in the direction of the current, then the direction of the curl of the fingers will give the direction of the magnetic field.

Pieces of iron and other magnetic materials which can be made to acquire the properties of natural magnets are called artificial magnets

It is a piece of lodestone, which is a black iron oxide (Fe₃ O₄) called magnetite. The word lodestone means a leading stone.

The substances which have the property of attracting small pieces of iron, nickel, cobalt etc, are called magnets and this property of attraction is called magnetism

(i) It is used in factories and cranes to lift heavy iron ingots and steel scraps from one place to another.
(ii) Used in hospitals to remove iron splinters from the eyes of the patients.
(iii) Used in electric bells, relays, electric switches etc.

No, if two magnetic lines of force intersect then there will be two tangents and hence two directions of the magnetic field at the point of intersection. This is not possible.

(i) Used in radio and stereo speakers.
(ii) Used in almirah and refrigerator doors to snap them closed.
(iii) In medicine, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners expose the inner parts of the patient's body for detailed examination by doctors.

Magnetic lines of force are closed continuous curves, extending through the body of the magnet.
Magnetic lines of force start from the North Pole and end at the South Pole

(i) Inside the speaker, an electromagnet is placed in front of a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is fixed firmly in position whereas the electromagnet is mobile. As pulses of electricity pass through the coil of the electromagnet, the direction of its magnetic field is rapidly changed. This means that it is in turn attracted to and repelled from the permanent magnet vibrating back and forth. The electromagnet is attached to a cone made of a flexible material such as paper or plastic which amplifies these vibrations, pumping sound waves into the surrounding air towards our ears.
(ii) Magnetic levitation (Maglev) is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. In Maglev trains two sets of magnets are used, one set to repel and push the train up off the track, then another set to move the floating train ahead at great speed without friction. In this technology, there is no moving part. The train travels along a guideway of magnets which controls the train's stability and speed using the basic principles of magnets.

(i) An alternating current (AC) generator, consists of a rotating rectangular coil ABCD called armature placed between the two poles of a permanent magnet.
(ii) The two ends of this coil are connected to the two slip rings S₁ and S_2. The inner sides of these rings are insulated.
(iii) Two conducting stationary brushes B₁ and B₂ are kept separately on the rings S₁ and S₂ respectively. The two rings S₁ and S₂ are internally attached to an axle.
(iv) The axle may be mechanically rotated from outside to rotate the coil inside the magnetic field. Outer ends of the two brushes are connected to the external circuit

(v) When the coil is rotated, the magnetic flux linked with the coil changes. This change in magnetic flux will lead to generation of induced current.
(vi) The direction of the induced current, as given by Fleming's Right Hand Rule, is along ABCD in the coil and in the outer circuit it flows from B₂ to B₁.
(vii) During the second half of rotation, the direction of current is along DCBA in the coil and in the outer circuit it flows from B₁ to B₂
(viii) As the rotation of the coil continues, the induced current in the external circuit is changing its direction for every half a rotation of the coil