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Published on: 03/12/2018
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Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Science Test

1.
If decomposers are removed completely from the Earth, what will be the result? Give reasons.
2.
What is the difference between nitrification and denitrification?
3.
How does the atmosphere act as a blanket?
4.
Name any two environmental problems caused by various activities of human beings.
5.
State any two harmful effects of air pollution.
6.
Discuss the consequences of the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
7.
What is "greenhouse effect'? What would be its effect? name two greenhouses gases.
8.
List the organisms and their role in nitrogen cycle.
9.
List three major factors which lead to water pollution. Give examples.
10.
What are the sources of water pollution?
11.
April 22, is celebrated by countries all over the world as the Earth Day clean Delhi took the initiative and organised Saving the greens campaign.
Equipped with gloves,rakes,gunny, bags and a lot of enthusiasm,students assembled at a park on the Ridge and took upon themselves the task of cleaning the Ridge. Activities that were carried out included picking up all the polybags that were littering a part of the ridge and removing advertisements nailed to trees.disturbing pamplets at the crossing to passersby In about on hours time the children managed to collect about 20 large gunny bags full of plastic
Answer the following questions based on above information
(a) What are messages sent by their activity to the public of Delhi?
(b) What is your suggestion?
(c) Which values are displayed by the childrean?
12.
Is it necessary to replenish forests?
13.
Eukaryotic cells and many prokaryotic cells need oxygen to breakdown .......... molecules and get energy for their activities.
14.
The combustion of fossil fuels increases the amount of ........ .......... in air.
15.
Increase in concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may cause ........ effect.
16.
We need to ........ our natural resources and use them in a .......... manner.
17.
The prevailing wind patterns in an area decides ........ patterns.
18.
Nitrogen fixing bacteria cannot fix N2 in presence of
CO2
N2
O2
light
19.
Which one of the following is not an air pollutant?
Oxides of nitrogen
Oxides of sulphur
Hydrocarbons
Carbon dioxide
20.
Venus and Mars have no life because
they have no atmosphere
their atmosphere has 95-97% oxygen
their atmosphere has only oxygen
their atmosphere has 95-97% carbon dioxide
21.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in the roots of
wheat
maize
pulse
sugar-cane
22.
Which of the following compound is not degraded by any biological process?
CFCs
CH4
Glucose
Nitrites
23.
What are the different states in which water is found during the water cycle?
1.
If decomposers are removed completely from the Earth, then dead bodies of plants and animals or other dead organic matter will remain undecomposed. The complex nutrients will not be made available back to atmosphere. After some time, the dead bodies of organisms will acquire the whole space on the Earth. Thus, existence of life will be impossible on the Earth.
2.
| Nitrification | Denitrification |
|---|---|
| (i) Conversion of ammonium to nitrites by bacteria Nitrosomonas and conversion of nitrites to nitrates by bacteria Nitrobacter is called nitrification. | (i) The process of breakdown of nitrates or nitrites into free elemental form and release into atmosphere is called denitrification. This process is carried by certain bacteria such as Pseudomonas. |
3.
Our atmosphere acts as a blanket because:
(i) It keeps the average temperature of the earth fairly constant during the day.
(ii) The atmosphere prevents the sudden increase in temperature during the daylight hours.
(iii) During the night, it slows down the escape of heat into outer space.
4.
(i) Global warming
(ii) Environmental pollution
(iii) Depletion of ozone layer.
5.
Harmful effects of air pollution
(i) Respiratory problems
(ii) Acid rain or Global warming.
6.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing due to the current global trend of deforestation and increasing combustion of fossil fuels. A part of the sunlight incident on the earth reflected back in the form of infrared radiations. This infrared radiation are absorbed by the carbon dioxide molecules. hence, the envelope of CO2 of the atmospheric air would be able to trap larger proportion of the infrared radiations if the concentration of CO2 is increased, thereby heating the atmosphere.
This heating of the absorption of infrared earth's temperature and may cause melting of glacier and thereby flooding the coastal plains.
Greenhouse gases:
(i) CO 2 ,
(ii) Methane (CH4 ) and
(iii) Nitrogen oxide.
7.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing due to the current global trend of deforestation and increasing combustion of fossil fuels. A part of the sunlight incident on the earth reflected back in the form of infrared radiations. This infrared radiation are absorbed by the carbon dioxide molecules. hence, the envelope of CO2 of the atmospheric air would be able to trap larger proportion of the infrared radiations if the concentration of CO2 is increased, thereby heating the atmosphere.
This heating of the absorption of infrared earth's temperature and may cause melting of glacier and thereby flooding the coastal plains.
Greenhouse gases:
(i) CO2 ,
(ii) Methane (CH4 ) and
(iii) Nitrogen oxide.
8.
| Organism | Role/Activity |
|---|---|
| (i) Rhizobium and blue-green algae | Nitrogen fixation |
| (ii) Bacteria and Fungi | Ammonification (Organic Nitrogen \(\rightarrow\)Ammonia) |
| (iii) Nitrobactor and Nitrosomonas (Nitrifying bacteria) | Nitrification (Ammonia \(\rightarrow\) Nitrites) (Nitrites \(\rightarrow\) Nitrates) |
| (iv) Pseudomonas (Denitrifying bacteria) | Denitrification (Nitrates \(\rightarrow\) Free nitrogen) |
9.
The term water pollution covers the following effects:
(i) The addition of undesirable substances to water bodies: For example, addition of industrial wastes containing poisonous salts like mercury salts, pesticides, insecticides, etc. Addition of disease causing organisms, like cholera causing bacteria through sewage.
(ii) The removal of desirable substances from water bodies: For example, depletion of dissolved oxygen and nutrients. This adversely affects aquatic animals and plants.
(iii) A change in temperature of water in water bodies: The aquatic animals are adapted to live under certain range of temperature. A sudden change of temperature may affect breeding of aquatic animals, their eggs and larvae etc. For example, pouring of water at very high temperature from nuclear reactors sometimes may cause death of fishes and aquatic animals.
10.
There are two types of sources of water pollution. These are:
(i) The sources which are located to close to water source and discharge pollutants directly into the particular water source. These may be factories, power plants, underground coal mines and oil wells situated near to water sources. It is possible to treat the pollutants before their release into the water body.
(ii) Some sources are scattered and do not have specific situation for discharging pollutants into a particular water body. These are run-off water from agricultural fields, gardens, lawns, roads, logging sites, construction sites etc. It is very difficult to monitor, regulate and treat non-point sources.
11.
The messages that the children sent out to the public on EARTH DAYwere:
12.
It is very necessary to replenish forests for the following reasons:
(i) Rainfall: Trees give out enormous amount of water during transpiration. This water vapour helps in the formation of rain clouds. If trees are destroyed and not replenished the rainfall in the area will reduce. This may lead to less number of trees to grow.
(ii) Soil erosion: If trees are cut at a large rate the soil becomes barren. The top soil which is rich in organic matter will be washed away by water or carried away by wind. Thus reduction in rainfall and soil erosion may lead to the formation of desert.
(iii) Carbon dioxide-oxygen balance: Forests have very large number of trees. They give out \({ O }_{ 2 }\) and take in \({ CO }_{ 2 }\) in day time by the process of photosynthesis. Thus they help in maintaining carbon dioxide-oxygen balance in the atmosphere.
13.
( )
glucose
14.
( )
suspended particles
15.
( )
greenhouse
16.
( )
conserve, sustainable
17.
( )
rainfall
18.
(c)
O2
19.
(d)
Carbon dioxide
20.
(d)
their atmosphere has 95-97% carbon dioxide
21.
(c)
pulse
22.
(a)
CFCs
23.
During the water cycle, water is found in solid-state (snow, ice, etc.), liquid state (groundwater, river water, etc.), and gaseous state (water vapours).
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