Fractional distillation is used in petrochemical industry to obtain different fractions of petroleum to separate the different gases from air, to distill alcohols etc.

First separate the iron filings by magnetic separation and then naphthalene separated by sublimation method. After separated saw dust retain the china dish.

(i) miscible liquids can be separated by using Liebig condenser.
(ii) immiscible liquids can be separated by using separating funnel.

After the filtration of a solution the liquid that collected is called filtrate.
In the process of fractional distillation the clear liquid collected is called distillate.

Rf value is defined as the ratio of the distance travelled by the solute spots to the distance travelled by the solvent
 Rf = \(\frac { Distance\ travelled\ by\ the\ solute }{ Distance\ travelled\ by\ the\ solvent } \)

Charcoal adsorbs gases on its surface. Charcoal is called the adsorbent and the gas is called the adsorbate.

It is an element.

Pure substance are ice, Iron, Mercury.

The smiley ball can be easily compressed. The particles in gases are far apart and there is a lot of space between them. So, the particles can be forced to get closer and can easily be compressed.

1. The particles in gases are far apart and there is a lot of space between them. So they can be forced to get closer and can easily be compressed.
2. In solids the particles are tightly packed, held together by strong attractive forces, rotate about their fixed position so solids are incompressible.