a) Both A and R are correct and R explains A

(i) SHRC refers State Human Rights Commission.
(ii) Every state in India has a State Human Rights Commission established in accordance with the power conferred on the state under section 210f the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
(iii) The protection and promotion of human rights constitute the principal concern of the Commission.

(i) The right to freedom of conscience and religion gives the citizens freedom to follow and practice a religion of their choice.
(ii) All citizens have the freedom of conscience or ideas.
(iii) The citizens also have the freedom to follow their own ways for practicing any religion.

Cultural rights are human rights that aim at assuring the enjoyment of culture and its components in conditions of equality, human dignity and non-discrimination

(i) There are 30 articles in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
(ii) It guarantees freedom of expression as well as Civil, Political, Social, Economic and Cultural rights.
(iii) These rights apply to all people, irrespective of their race, gender and nationality, as all people are born free and equal.

The Child rights, SC and ST rights, Women rights, Right to information Act (RTI) and Labour laws come under Extended rights.

(i) The Right to Information Act is a revolutionary act that aims to promote transparency in government institutions in India.
(ii) This act was enacted in October 2005.
(iii) A common man can demand any government organization to provide information.
(iv) The information must be provided within thirty days.
(v) If not, a fee will be collected as penalty from the concerned official.
(vi) It is one of the most powerful laws of the country.
(vii) This act is people friendly; even an illiterate person can ask any Public Information Officer to write it down for him.
(viii) All government agencies like Municipal Corporations, Government departments, Government Schools, Road Authorities, etc., come under this Act.

Child Rights are
(a) Right to life:
(i) A child has the right to survive even before its birth.
(ii) The right to survival also includes the right to be born, the right to basic needs of food, shelter and clothing and a dignified living.
(b) Right to Family environment:
(i) A child has the right to live a normal childhood in a family environment.
(ii) Children who have been left destitute, abandoned or orphaned also have the right to live.
(iii) These children can be given for adoption to caring families.
(c) Right to benefit from Social security:
Children should get financial support from the country when their parents or guardians are unable to provide them with a good standard of living by themselves, due to any illness, disability or old age.
(d) Right to Education:
Right to Education Act is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted in 2009 for free and compulsory education for children from 6 to 14 years of age as under Article 21A of the Constitution.
(e) Right to sale or trafficking:
(i) Children should be treated as individuals with fundamental human rights.
(ii) They are subjected to sale or trafficking for various reasons like economic exploitation, sexual exploitation, sexual abuse, drug trafficking and child labour
(f) Right to sexual exploitation:
(i) The state should protect children from sexual exploitation and abuse.
(ii) This is done through POCSO Act - Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act in 2012.
(g) Right against other forms of exploitation like Child labour:
(i) Children are often employed in several industries.
(ii) These children are deprived of their childhood, health and education.
(h) Child Rights in the Indian Constitution:
(i) Article 24 - No child below the age of 14 must be employed in hazardous employment.
(ii) Article 45 - Free and compulsory education for all children until they attain the age of 14 years.

(i) Democracy has an important role to play in promoting sustainable development.
(ii) Free and fair elections, independent media, accountable government as well as other basic democratic principles are all critical components of an environment and conducive to growth.
(iii) In a direct democracy the people decide on the policy initiatives directly.
(iv) Democracy is very much responsible and important over the development of a nation.
(v) In a democratic country the citizens are force to express their views and opinions on decisions taken by government.
(vi) This makes the government take more responsible decisions and they go with majority people.
(vii) All these actions can be carried on with the help of the fundamental rights generated by the constitution of India with legal background.

The functions of SHRC are
(i) The SHRC shall enquire into violation of human rights in respect of matters specified in the state and concurrent lists.
(ii) Its objectives and duties are the same as NHRC, but confined only to the state. It has a chairman and two members.
(iii) It has the power of a civil court and can take cognizance of cases if received.
(iv) It can also recommend compensation to victims.