The  Revolution of1905 was a dress rehearsal of the October Revolution of 1917:
(i) The 1905 revolution  aroused the people and prepared them for the later events.
(ii) It drew soldiers and the people  of non-Russian nationalities into closer contact with the Russian revolutionaries.

(i) Raja Rammohan Roy
(ii) Derozio.

Before the 18th century:
(i) Society was broadly divided into estates and orders
(ii) The aristocracy and church-controlled economic and social power.

Vladimir Lenin.

'Collective farms' were known as kolkhoz in Russia.

Well to do peasants were regarded as 'Kulaks' in Russia.

International Women's Day is celebrated on February 22nd, as a mark of honour, because on this day in Russia many  women led the way to strikes in factories.

(i) The Tsar dismissed the first Duma within 75 days and reelected the second Duma within 3 months.
(ii) He did not want any questioning of his authority or any reduction of the power.
(iii) The Tsar changed the voting laws and packed , the third Duma with conservative politicians .
(iv) Liberals and revolutionaries were kept out.

Liberals
(i) Liberals were one of the groups which looked to change society. They wanted a 'secular' nation which tolerated all religions.
(ii) They opposed religious discrimination and uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to safeguard the rights of individuals.
(iii) They wanted a representative, elected Parliamentary Government and a well-trained judiciary that was independent of rulers and officials.
Radicals
(i) They wanted a government based on the majority of a country's population. They supported universal adult suffrage, including the vote for women.
(ii) Unlike liberals, they opposed the privileges of great landowners and wealthy factory owners.
(iii) They were not against the existence of private property, but opposed concentration of property in the hands of a few.
Conservatives
(i) They were opposed to liberals and radicals. They generally opposed the idea of change during the 18th century.
(ii) By the 19th century, they accepted that some change was inevitable, but believed it had to be brought about through a slow process.
(iii) They respected old or past traditions and customs.

(i) In the countryside, peasants and their Socialist Revolutionary leaders pressed for a redistribution of land.
(ii) Land committees were formed.
(iii) Encouraged by the Socialist Revolutionarie, peasants seized land between July and September 1917.

The main objective of the Russian Revolutionaries were:
(i) To secure peace and withdrawal of Russia from the First World War.
(ii) Transfer land to the tiller.
(iii) Give control of industry to the workers.
(iv) Nationalise all the banks.
(v) Give equal status to non-Russian nationalities.

(i) Cooperation
(ii) Dignity of labour 
(iii) Brotherhood
(iv) Sharing
(v) Equality

The main objective of the Russian Revolutionaries were:
(i) To secure peace and withdrawal of Russia from the First World War.
(ii) Transfer land to the tiller.
(iii) Give control of industry to the workers.
(iv) Nationalise all the banks.
(v) Give equal status to non-Russian nationalities.

(i) Army officials, landowners and industrialists were influential in the Provisional government.
(ii) The liberals as well as socialists among them worked towards an elected government.
(iii) Restrictions on public meetings and associations were removed.
(iv) 'Soviets', like the Petrograd Soviet, were set up everywhere, though no common system of election was followed.