Distinction between multiple Cropping and Modern Farming.

Non-farm activities at Palampur are as under:
(i) Working as shopkeeper
(ii) Working as transport operator
(iii) Working as dairy owner
(iv) Running small manufacturing firms.

Dairy is a common activity in the Palampur. People feed their buffalos on various kinds of grass and the jower and bajra that grows during the rainy season. The milk produced through dairy activity is sold at nearby large village Shahpur. Chilling centres are collection centre is set up by two traders of Shahpur. The location of Chilling centre is Raiganj from where the milk is transported to far away town and cities.

The following are the three features of labour as a factor of production:
 (i) It is perishable, e.g., eventually used up.
(ii) It cannot be separated from the producer.
(iii) It is mobile and its quality can be improve.

Green Revolution introduced modern farming methods in the form of use of high yield variety of seeds and multiple cropping systems.
1. Farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh were the first to try out the modern farming method in India. The farmers in these regions setup tube wells for irrigation, and made use of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming.
2. Some of them bought farm machinery like tractors and threshers, which made plowing and harvesting faster.
3. They were rewarded with high yields of wheat.
4. The results of green revolution can be seen in the below table where it can be seen that the agricultural production of wheat has improved greatly by the use of modern farming methods.
Production of Pulses and Wheat (In Million Tonnes)

The Palampur village has 450 families belonging to several different castes. The 80 upper caste families own a majority of land in the village. Their houses, are made of bricks and cement plastering. The scheduled caste (dalits) comprise one third of the population and live in the corner of the village. They have small house some of which are of mud and straw.
The level of development is good in Palampur village due to the following:
1. Most of the houses have electric connection
2. Electricity is used for tubewells and small businesses.
3. The village has two primary schools and one high school.
4. There is primary health centre run by the government and one private dispensary where the sick are treated.

1. Palampur is well-connected with neighbouring villages and towns. Raiganj, a big village is 3 kms from Palampur. There is an all weather road that the village to Raiganj and further on to the nearest small town of Shaphur.
2. The modes of transport visible on roads of Palampur are bullock carts, tongas, bogeys, loaded with jaggery, motor vehicles like motorcycles, jeeps, tractors and trucks.

1. The key social and moral value reflected in rural India is unity in diversity. India's vast rural areas are inhabited by people from different culture, religion, caste and regions and yet all of them collectively contribute to the growth and prosperity of the country.
2. Also, economic structure of rural India makes it imperative on all people to collaborate with each other. There are self help groups which work towards generating employment for the rural people. Government has taken steps to improve the living conditions in rural India to reduce migration to urban areas and bring a sense of unity amongst the village folks.

Following is the list of non-farm production activities taking place in our region.
(i) Dairy
(ii) Priest
(iii)Tailor
(iv) Moneylender
(v) Bee-keeper
(vi) Call centre employee
(vii) Astronaut
Following are three features of non-farming activities
(i) These activities help in survival
(ii) These activities provide capital for further production of goods and services.
(iii) These activities helps in production of goods and services.

Computer centres are not started earlier due to lack of skilled labour in the village. Also the awareness of the village people about computers was less.

The following are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land:
(i) Modern farming method It helps in increasing the yield of the land. For example, use of High yield variety (HYV) of seed, pesticides, chemical fertilizers help in increasing the land productivity.
(ii) Multiple Cropping.  Under multiple cropping system , more than one crop is grown on a piece of land. It increases the production on same piece of land. For example, wheat, bajra and potato can be grown on the same piece of land.

The following are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land:
(i) Modern farming method It helps in increasing the yield of the land. For example, use of High yield variety (HYV) of seed, pesticides, chemical fertilizers help in increasing the land productivity.
(ii) Multiple Cropping.  Under multiple cropping system, more than one crop is grown on a piece of land. It increases the production on same piece of land. For example, wheat, bajra and potato can be grown on the same piece of land.