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Published on: 03/10/2019
Polynomials
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1.
Simplify: \((p+q+r)^2+(p-q-r)^2\)
2.
Show that if \(2(a^2+b^2)=(a+b)^2\)then a=b
3.
Show that if a+b is not zero, then the equation a(x-a)=2ab-b(x-b) has a solution x=a+b.
4.
Without calculating the cubes find the value of \((-11)^3+(8)^3+(3)^3\)
5.
Evaluate 105 x 93 without multiplying directly.
6.
The polynomial \(p(x)=2{ x }^{ 3 }-3{ x }^{ 2 }+ax-3a+9\)when divided by x+1, leaves the remainder 16. Find the value of a. Also, find the remainder when p(x) is divided by x+2.
7.
The polynomial \(p(x)=kx^3+9x^2+4x-8\) when divided by (x+3) leaves a remainder 10 (1-k). Find the value of k.
8.
If \(x=-2\) is the root of the equation \(\sqrt { 2 } (x+p)=0\) and is also the zero the zero of the polynomial \({ px }^{ 2 }+kx+2\sqrt { 2 } \) then find the value of k.
9.
How many terms are there in the following polynomials?
3x2 - 5x + 7
10.
Write the various coefficients in the following polynomials:
7
1.
\((p+q+r)^2+(p-q-r)^2\)
\(=(p+q+r)^{ 2 }+{ \{ p+(-q)+(-r)\} }^{ 2 }\)
Using Identify V
\(=(p^{ 2 }+q^{ 2 }+r^{ 2 }+2pq+2qr+2rp)+( p^{ 2 }+q^2+r^2-2pq+2qr-2rp)\)
\(=(p^2+q^2+r^2+2qr)\)
2.
\(2(a^2+b^2)=(a+b)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow 2a^2+2b^2=a^2+b^2+2ab\)
Using Identify
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow (a-b)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\ a-b=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b\)
3.
\(a(x-a)=2ab-b(x-b)\)
\(\Rightarrow ax- a^2=2ab-bx+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow ax+bx=a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x(a+b)=(a+b)^2\) Using Identify I
\(x=a+b\)
Cancelling (a+b) from both sides as (a+b) ≠ 0
Hence the given equation has a solution x=a+b.
4.
We have
\((-11)+(8)+(3)=0\)
Therefore,
\((-11)^3+(8)^3+(3)^3\)\(=3(-11)(8)(3)\)
=-792 | From Identify VII, if x+y+z=0
Then \(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
5.
105 x 93
=(100+5) x (100 x7)
=(100+5) x {100+(-7)}
=(100)2+{5+(-7)}(100)+(5)(-7) | Using Identity IV
=10000-200-35=9765
6.
\(p(x)=2{ x }^{ 3 }-3{ x }^{ 2 }+ax-3a+9\)
By remainder theorem,
\(p(-1)=16\ x+1=0\quad \Rightarrow x=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow 2{ (-1) }^{ 3 }-3{ (-1) }^{ 2 }+a(-1)-3a+9=16\)
\(\Rightarrow -2-3-a-3a+9=16\)
\(\Rightarrow 4a=-12\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-3\)
\(\therefore p(x)=2{ x }^{ 3 }-3{ x }^{ 2 }-3x-3 \times(-3)+9\)
\(={ 2x }^{ 3 }-3{ x }^{ 2 }-3x+18\)
\(\therefore \) Remainder when p(x) is divided by x+2 =p(-2)
By remainder theorem: \(x+2=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)
\(={ 2(-2) }^{ 3 }-3{ (-2) }^{ 2 }-3(-2)+18\)
\(=-16-12+6+18=-4\)
7.
Divisor = x + 3
\(x+3=0\ \Rightarrow x=-3\)
\(\therefore\)Remainder= p(-3) | By remainder theorem
\(= k{ (-3) }^{ 3 }+9{ (-3) }^{ 2 }+4(-3)-8\)
\(=-27k+81-12-8\)
\(=-27k+61\)
According to the question,
\(-27k+61=10(1-k)\)
\(\Rightarrow -27k+61=10-10k\)
\(\Rightarrow 17k=51\)
\(\Rightarrow k=3\)
8.
\(\sqrt { 2 } (x+p)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+p=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-p\)
According to the question,
\(-p=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow \ p=2\)
Let \(f(x)={ px }^{ 2 }+kx+2\sqrt { 2 } \)
Then, \(f(x)={ 2x }^{ 2 }+kx+2\sqrt { 2 } \)
If \(x=-2\) is a zero of f(x) then
\(f(-2)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \ 2{ (-2) }^{ 2 }+k(-2)+2\sqrt { 2 } =0\)
\(\Rightarrow 2k=8+2\sqrt { 2 }\)
\(\Rightarrow k=4+\sqrt { 2 } \)
9.
Number of terms = 3
Terms: 3x2, -5x, 7
10.
7
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