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Published on: 09/10/2019
Probability
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1.
Mr. Kakkad's son Cheeku is sufering from a disease for 20 days and is hospitalised. Doctor asks Mr.Kakkad to donate blood in order to fulfill Cheeku's need. A pathologist tests and tells Mr.Kakkad, "Your blood group cannot be given to your son." After this Mr.Kakkad thinks of an idea and uploads a request of blood requirement on Facebook as soon as possible. In a short time, 85 blood of only three of them may be used for Cheeku.
(i) What is the probability that the blood group of a person chosen at random out of the donors cannot be given to Cheeku?
(ii) Which value is depicted by Mr.Kakkad regarding his son?
(iii) Which value (s) is (are) depicted by 85 blood donors?
2.
The percentage of marks obtained by a student in monthly unit test are given below:
| Test | I | II | III | IV | V | VI |
| Percentage of Marks |
52 | 60 | 65 | 75 | 80 | 72 |
Find the probability that in the next test the students sets
(i) more than 70% marks
(ii) less than 70% marks
(iii) at least 60 marks
3.
In class IX of 50 students second language opted by the studnets is as follows:
Sanskrit-14
Japanese- 08
French-12
Urdu-06
Rest of then opted for German.
A student is selected at random. Find the probability that the student.
(a) opts for French
(b) does not opts for Japanese
(c) Either opts for Sanskrit or for German.
4.
The heights of the students of a class is measured and recorded as given below:
| Height (in cm) | No. of Students |
| 120-125 | 7 |
| 125-130 | 7 |
| 130-135 | 11 |
| 135-140 | 3 |
| 140-145 | 5 |
| 145-150 | 9 |
| 150-155 | 8 |
A student is selected at random. Find the probability that height of the students is :
(i) more than 135 cm
(ii) at least 145 cm
(iiii) less than 130 cm
(iv) 125 cm or more but less than 140 cm
5.
The king, queen, and jack of clubs are removed from a deck of 52 cards and then shuffled. One card is selected from the remaining cards. What is the probability of getting
(a) a heart
(b) a king
(c) the 10 of hearts.
6.
An insurance company selected 1600 drivers at random in a particular city to find a relationship between age and number of accidents. The data obtained are given in the following table:
| Age of drivers (in years) |
No.of accidents(in one year) | ||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | More than 3 | |
| 18-25 | 320 | 125 | 75 | 45 | 30 |
| 25-40 | 400 | 45 | 50 | 15 | 10 |
| 40-55 | 150 | 85 | 13 | 8 | 10 |
| Above 55 | 150 | 25 | 17 | 20 | 7 |
Find the number of drivers
(a) in the age of 25-40 years and has more than 2 accidents in the year.
(b) in the age above 40 years and has accidents more than 1 but less than 3.
7.
The percentages of marks obtained by a student in examination are given below:
| Examination subjects |
% marks |
| I | 58 |
| II | 64 |
| III | 76 |
| IV | 62 |
| V | 85 |
Find the probability that the student gets
(i) a first class i.e. at least 60% marks
(ii) a distinction i.e. 75% or above
(iii) marks between 70% and 80%
8.
A die is rolled 25 times and outcomes are recorded as under:
| Outcomes | Frequency |
| 1 | 9 |
| 2 | 4 |
| 3 | 5 |
| 4 | 6 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 0 |
It is thrown one more time. Find the probability of getting
(a) an even number
(b) a multiple of 3
(c) a prime number.
9.
A bag contains 5 red balls, 8 white balls, 4 green balls and 7 black balls. If one ball is drawn at random, find the probability that it is
(i) black
(ii) not green.
10.
Out of the past 250 consecutive days, its weather forecasts were correct 175 times.
(i) What is the probability that on a given day it was correct?
(ii) What is the probability that it was not correct on a given day?
1.
Total number blood donors = 85
(i) Number of donors whose blood is useful for Cheeku = 3
\(\therefore \) Number of favourable events = 85 - 3 = 82
Now, required probability\(=\frac{82}{85}\)
(ii) Responsible, rationality, love
(iii) Blood donation helps the needy. In fact it is a great act of charity and co-operation.
2.
(i) Number of test in which the student scored more than 70%marks=3
P(more than 70%marks)\(=\frac{3}{6}=\frac{1}{2}\)
(ii) Number of test in which the students scored less than 70% marks =3
P(more than 70% marks)\(=\frac{3}{6}=\frac{1}{2}\)
(iii) Number of tests in which the students scored at lear 60% marks=5
P(at least 60% marks) = \(\frac{5}{6}\)
3.
(a) Probability that a student selected is opts French language = \(\frac{12}{50}=\frac{6}{25}\)
(b) Probability that a student selected does not opt for Japanese = 1-selected student opts Japnese
(c) Probability that selected either opts for Sanskrit or for German = Prob. of student opts Sanskrti+ Prob. of students opts German
\(\therefore \)No of student who opted German
= 5 - (14 + 08 + 12 + 6)
= 50-40
= 10
\(\therefore \)Prob. that selected student either opt for Sanskrit or for German
\(=\frac{14}{50}+\frac{10}{50}\)
\(=\frac{24}{50}=\frac{12}{25}\)
4.
Total student = 7 + 7 + 11 + 3 + 5 + 9 + 8 = 50
(i) P(height of student is more that 135 cm)\(=\frac{25}{50}=\frac{1}{2}\)
(ii)P(height of student is at least 145 cm)\(=\frac{17}{50}\)
(iii) p(height of student is less than 130 cm)\(=\frac{14}{50}=\frac{7}{25}\)
(iv) P(height of student is 125 or more but less than 140)\(=\frac{21}{50}\)
5.
Total number of cards in the deck when king, queen, and jack of clubs are removed
= 52 - 3 = 49
(a) Number of cards which are 'a heart' = 13
Probability of getting a heart = \(\frac { 13 }{ 49 } \)
(b) Number of cards which are 'a king' = 3
Probability of getting a king =\(\frac { 3 }{ 49 } \)
(c) Number of cards which are 'the 10 of hearts' = 1
Probability of getting 'the 10 of hearts' = \(\frac { 1 }{ 49 } \)
6.
(a) The number of drivers in the age of 25-40 years and has more than 2 accidents in the year
= 15 + 10 = 25
(b) The number of drivers the age of whose is above 40 years and has accidents more than 1 but less than 3
= 13 + 17 = 30.
7.
Total number of subjects = 5
(i) Number of subjects in which the student gets a first class = 4
Probability that the students gets a first class \(=\frac { 4 }{ 5 } \)
(ii) Number of subjects in which the student gets a distinction = 2
Probability that the student gets a distinction \(=\frac { 2 }{ 5 } \)
(iii) Number of subjects in which the student gets marks between 70% and 80% = 1
Probability that the students gets marks between 70% and 80% \(=\frac { 1 }{ 5 } \)
8.
Total number of times a die is rolled = 25
Even numbers are 2, 4, 6.
Probability of getting an even number
\(=\frac { 4+6+0 }{ 25 } =\frac { 10 }{ 25 } =\frac { 2 }{ 5 } \)
(b) Multiples of 3 are 3, 6.
Probability of getting a multiple of 3
\(=\frac { 5+0 }{ 25 } =\frac { 5 }{ 25 } =\frac { 1 }{ 5 } \)
(c) 2, 3, 5 are prime numbers.
Probability of getting a prime number
\(=\frac { 4+5+1 }{ 25 } =\frac { 10 }{ 25 } =\frac { 2 }{ 5 } \)
9.
In the bag,
number of red balls = 5
number of white balls = 8
number of green balls = 4
number of black balls = 7
Total number of balls in the bag = 5 + 8 + 4 + 7 = 24
(i) Number of black balls = 7
Probability that the ball drawn is black =\(\frac { 7 }{ 24 } \)
(ii) Number of balls that are not green = 5 + 8 + 7 = 20
Probability that the ball drawn is not green =\(\frac { 20 }{ 24 } \) =\(\frac { 5 }{ 6 } \)
10.
Total number of days = 250
(i) Number of days on which the weather forecasts were correct = 175
Probability that on a given day it was correct = \(\frac { 175 }{ 250 } =\frac { 7 }{ 10 } \)
(ii) Probability that it was not correct on a given day=\(1-\frac { 7 }{ 10 } =\frac { 3 }{ 10 } \)
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