Mammals is a class of vetebrates who give birth to young ones and whose females have milk mammae to nourish their young ones.Humans are mammals,few animals are also mamals e.g
1. Water animals that come in the category of mammals are blue whale,pink whale,Other land animals are:
2. Elephants,camel,Indian buffalo,one horned rhinoceros,deer,bison etc.

Sparse,scanty and throny vegetation occur in the regions of less rainfall.
Examples:North western part of the country .(West Gujarat,wet Rajasthan and west Haryana)

Fauna:The term fauna is used to denote the species of animals of a particular region or period

Flora:The term flora is used to denote plants of particular region or period.

90000 species

1. India grows 15000 flowering plants which is 6 percent of total number of world's flowering plants.
2. Ferns,fungi,algai etc.are non-flowering plants frown in India.

About 47000

Ecosystem.Interdependence and interrelationship between plants and animals in their physical environment is termed as ecosystem.

India's natural vegetation has undergone many changes due to several factors:
1. the growing demand for cultivated land
2. development of industries
3. mining
4. urbanisation
5.over grazing of pastures

The distribution of flora and fauna is mainly determined by thr climate such as temperature along with humidity in the air,precipitation and soil.
Flora:
1. On the slopes of the Himalayas and on the hill of Peninsulae(above the height of 915 meters),the fall in temperature affects the type of vegetation and its growth ,and changes it from tropical to subtropical temperature and alpine vegetation.
2. Longer duration of sunlight favoured the flora to grow faster
3. Areas of heavy rainfall have dense vegetation.Such as western slope of Wetern Ghats and north-eastern states.
Fauna:
1. In cold region of high mountains is home of Kashmir stag,yak,snow leopard etc.
2. In the region of monsoon forests,elephants, monkey,lemur and deer are found.

(a) Different types of Vegetation
1. Tropical rain(evergreen)forests
2. Tropical deciduous forests
3. Tropical thron forests and scrubs
4. Montane Montanets
5. Mangrove forests
(ii) Vegetation of high altitudes(Montane Vegetation)
(iii) High altitudes, generally more than 3600 meters above sea level, temperature forests and grasslands give way to the Alpine vegetation
(iii) Silver fir, junipers, pines, and breaches are the common trees of these forests
(iv) Through shrubs and scrubs, they ultimately merge into Aloine grasslands.
 1. These grasslands are used extensively for grazing by nomadic tribes like the Gujjars, Backrwals.
 2. At higher altitudes, mosses and lichens form part of tundra vegetation
(v) Common animals are Tibetan antelope, Kashmir stag, spotted deer, wild sheep, jack, rabbit, yak, snow leopard, squirrels, shaggy horn wild ibex, rare red panda etc.

1.These forests ar found in areas recieving rainfall between 200 and 100 cm.
2.These forests exists mostely:
(a) In eastern part of the country
(i) Northeastern states,along the foothills of the Himalayans,Jharkand,west Orissa and Chhattisgarh
(b) Eastern slopes of Wetern Ghants
3.Dominant species of this forest are:
(i) Teak,bamboos,shisham.sandalwood,khair,kusum ,arjun,mulberry
4.Common animals are:
(ii) Elephant,lion,tiger,beer etc.

Forests of India are put into the following groups:
(i) Tropical Evergreen/Rain Forests
(ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests
(iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs
(iv) Montane Forests
(v) Mangrove Forests

(i) Mountains
(ii) Plateaus
(iii) Plains
(iv) Coastal regions
(v) Desert

Importance of wildlife: Wildlife is a natural gift to us. This gift is only for us but for our future generations too.
1. But in present times excessive cutting of forests,hunting and poaching have led to the depletion of wildlife in our country.
2. In order to use them for ourselves and for future generations,we have to conserve them.
3. Some of the valued species of wildlife are facing extinction such as the lion,the tiger,the indian bustard,the elephant,the rhinoceros,the peocock etc. Hence,there is a prime need for conserving wildlife