(i) Jesus was against the rich and the hypocrites.
(ii) Jesus condemned certain observances and ceremonials.
(iii) This was not to the liking of the priests.
(iv) So they turned against Jesus and handed him over to the Roman Governor Pontius Pilate.

(i) The period witnessed a great influx of luxury goods such as silk, spices, and gems from the east.
(ii) Cities were built on a grand scale, with temples, theatres, stadia and colosseum, gymnasia, aqueducts, baths and markets.
(iii) The rich people distracted the attention of the poor by organizing games and contests in circuses.
(iv) Gladiators were forced to fight and kill each other.

(i) Socrates was a great thinker of the Pericles Era.
(ii) The Athenian government, after Pericles, did not like Socrates' way of finding truth.
(iii) He was accused of corrupting the youth.
(iv) The jury found Socrates guilty and sentenced him to die by drinking hemlock (a poison).

(i) Classical World comprises ancient Greece and Rome.
(ii) Classical Age refers to the inter-locking civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome, known as Graeco- Roman World

(i) Han Empire once again threw open the silk road for trade.
(ii) A large export trade, mainly in silk, reached as far as the Roman Empire.
(iii) In the north artisans and herders of rival "barbarian" dynasties brought in new techniques like the methods of harnessing horses, use of saddle and stirrup.
(iv) Techniques of building bridges and mountain roads and seafaring.
(v) At the beginning of the Christian Era, the Han Empire rivalled that of Roman in size and Wealth.

(i) Romans were prepared to tolerate Christianity. But the refusal of the Christians to pay respect to the Emperor's image was viewed as political treason.
(ii) It led to the prosecution of Christians.
(iii) Later one of the Roman Emperors, Constantine himself became a Christian. Christianity thus became the official religion of the Empire.

(i) Romans followed new arch techniques which allowed the construction of aqueducts, Colosseums, basilicas and amphitheatres. Not only have many of these structures lasted for thousands of years, but the techniques are still in use today.
(ii) The system of Republic followed by Romans served as a model for others.
(iii) The Romans were also skilled at making solid long-lasting forms of concrete.
(iv) The Romans enjoyed entertainment such as chariot races, gladiator battles, plays at the theatre etc., some of them are enjoyed even today.
(v) Their roads were well engineered, designed to last and allowed for fast travel across the empire.
(vi) The Roman Emperor Augustus started the first courier service.
(vii) Roman law included all facets of life in the ancient empire. The Romans helped shape best practice in the legal system.
(viii) Roman Emperors like Trajan established social welfare schemes.
(ix) They had a very good knowledge about medical tools.
(x) The Roman were greatly admired for their city planning.
(xi) The Roman culture was the foundation of western culture and linguistics which on its turn was spread all around the world.

The slave population grew and by the 1st century BC (BCE) there were two million slaves, when the total strength of free population was 3.25 million.

The Carthaginians were the descendants of the Phoenicians who excelled in seafaring and trade.

Athens became a noble city with magnificent buildings. There were great artists and great thinkers. Historians therefore call this the Age of Pericles.

Pericles was a great leader of Athens who held power for thirty years.

(a) Tiberius Gracchus and Garius do Gracchus
(b) They voiced their opinion in favour of the poor peasants.
(c) The martyrdom of the Gracchus brothers played a decisive role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
(d) Augustus.

(iii) is correct

(ii) and (iv) are correct

(i) is correct