1. Ashoka became an ardent Buddhist after meeting the Buddhist monk Upagupta and propounded his Dharma.
2. The only true conquest he proclaimed is the conquest of self and the conquest of men's hearts by the dhamma or dharma.
3. He sent his son Mahendra and his daughter Sanghamitra to Ceylon to spread his message of Dharma there.

1. Ajathasatru, the son of Bimbisara is said to have murdered his father and ascended the throne in 493 BCE.
2. He expanded his territory through military conquests.
3. He strengthened the Rajagriha fort and also built another fort at Pataligrama on the Ganges.

(i) The invention of smelting of iron transformed both production and warfare.
(ii) Before iron, copper and its alloy, bronze which were expensive were employed in production.
(iii) The weapons (or) ploughs made of copper (or) bronze edges became blunt quickly.
(iv) Iron ore in contrast was available in abundance.
(v) The weapons made of iron was in usage.
(vi) The iron axe enabled cultivators to clear the jungles and the iron plough was used to break the hardest soil.

(i) Five cardinal principles of Confucius Ethics are Humaneness, Righteousness propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness.
(ii) Confucius said that wisdom grows from the family.
(iii) The foundation of society is the disciplined individual in an orderly family.
(iv) The superior man according to him is not merely intelligent or scholarly but his character should be exemplary.
(v) The superior man of Confucius possesses three virtues; intelligence, courage and good will.
(vi) He clearly proposed that when the command is wrong a son should resist his father and a minister should resist the prince.
(vii) He said that there are three requisites for government. "They are sufficiency of food, sufficiency of military equipment and confidence of the people in their ruler.

(b) Bimbisara succeeded in establishing a comprehensive structure of administration.

(d) Of the kingdoms mentioned in the literature of the period Kashi, Kosala and Magadha are considered to be powerful.

(a) Zoroaster of Persia is the founder of Zoroastrianism.
(b) Ahura Mazda (the Lord of lights).
(c) Zoroaster taught that the great object of religion state or society is the cultivation of morality.
(d) Fire was worshipped as a symbol of the deity and considered the highest form of worship.