Education Institutions in India
Education in India follows the 10+2 pattern. For higher education, there are various State run as well as private institutions and universities providing a variety of courses and subjects. The accreditation of the universities is decided under the University Grant Commission Act. The Education Department consists of various schools, colleges and universities imparting education on fair means for all sections of the society.

Poverty and inequality:
Amartya Sen studied about poverty and inequality, distribution of income among the people below the poverty line.
The concept of capability:
(i) Capability is the ability to transform Rawlsian primary goods to the achievement of well-being
(ii) This was a better index of well-being then commodities.
Entitlement:
(i) Sen included the concept of entitlement items like nutrition, food, medical and health care, employment, scarcity of food supply in times of famine.
(ii) All this is included in Amartya Sen's Welfare Economics.

Rao's examination of the "interrelation between investment, income and multiplier in an under developed economy" (1952) was his major contribution to macroeconomic theory.

(i) During Nehru's period as Prime Minister planning was introduced in India.
(ii) He said planning is to find the best way to utilize all resources of manpower or money.
(iii) Planning was linked with industrialization leading to self-reliance and economic growth.

Forest Resources:
(i) India's forest cover in 2007 is 69.09 million hectare which constitutes 21.02 per cent of the total geographical area.
(ii) Of this, 8.35 million hectare is very dense forest, 31.90 million hectare is moderately dense forest and the rest 28.84 million hectare is open forest.

(i) Countries which have not fully utilized their resources like land, mines, workers, etc. and have low per capita income are termed as under developed economies
(ii) They are also termed as undeveloped countries or Backward Nations or Third World Nations.
(iii) Examples: Certain African countries, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Pakistan, Indonesia, etc.

It refers to the number of literates as a percentage of the total population. In 1951, only one-fourth of the males and one-twelfth of the females were literates

(i) Size of population.
(ii) Rate of growth.
(iii) Birth and death rate.
(iv) Density population.
(v) Sex ratio.
(vi) Life expectancy at birth.
(vii) Literacy ratio

Obsolete refers to outdated computer hardware, software, technology, services or practices that are no longer used, even if they are in working condition.

The energy sources are classified under two heds based on the availability of the raw materials used, while generating energy.
(i) Non - renewable energy sources
(ii) Renewable energy sources.

(i) Mixed economy.
(ii) Agriculture
(iii) Newly Industrialized economy.
(iv) Emerging market
(v) Large Domestic Consumption.

A country's economic development is usually indicated not just by GDP, but by an increase in citizen's quality of life or well - being of a country.

(i) High national income
(ii) High per capita income
(iii) High standard of living.
(iv) Full employment of resources
(v) High level of technology.

Weakness of Indian Economy:
i) Large Population:
India stands second interms of size of population next to China and our country is likely to overtake China in near feature. The population growth rate in India is as high as 1.7 per 1000. The annual addition of population equals the total population of Australia.
ii) Inequality and Poverty:
There exists a huge economic disparity in the Indian economy. This has led to an increase in the poverty level in the society and still a higher percentage of individuals are living below poverty line (BPL). As a result of unequal distribution of the rich becomes richer and poor becomes poorer.
iii) Increasing prices of essential goods:
Even though there has been a constant growth in the GDP and growth opportunities in the Indian economy, there have been steady increase in the prices of essential goods. The continuous rise in prices erodes the purchasing power and adversely affects the poor people whose income is not protected,
iv) Weak infrastructure:
Even though the improvement of infrastructural development in the past few decades, there is still a scarcity of the basic infrastructure like power, transport, storage, etc.
v) Inadequate employment generation:
With growing youth population, there is a huge need of the employment opportunities. The growth in production is not accompanied by creation of job. The Indian economy is characterized by "jobless growth".
vi) Outdated technology: 
The level of technology in agriculture and small scale industries is still outdated and obsolete.

(i) Electrical energy is one of the necessary components of our life.
(ii) Now-a-days, without electricity, we cannot survive in this world of technology.
Classifications of energy:
The energy sources are classified under two heads. They are,
(a) Non-renewable energy sources
(b) Renewable energy sources
(a) Non-renewable energy Sources:
(i) The sources of energy which cannot be renewed (or) re-used are called non-renewable energy sources.
(ii) This energy sources which will get exhausted over a period of time.
(iii) For example: coal, oil, gas etc.
(b) Renewable energy Sources:
(i) The sources energy which can be renewed or re-used again and again are called renewable energy sources.
(ii) These kinds of materials do not exhaust (or) these are available in abundant (or) infinite quantity.
(iii) For example: Solar energy, Wind energy, Tidal energy, Geothermal energy and Biomass energy.
(iv) Sometimes renewable sources are also called non-conventional sources of energy.