How the saprotrophic Basidiomycetes are able to decompose plant matter?

1

(a)

The saprotrophic Basidiomycetes can decompose plant matter because they have enzymes for metabolising both cellulose and lignin.

Why the pseudoparenchyma fungal tissue is called false parenchyma?

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(a)

This is because pseudoparenchyma is formed by close packing and fusion of hyphae. Individual hyphae are not distinguishable.

In which kingdom of five kingdom classification, nuclear membrane is not present?

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(a)

Bacteria are prokaryotes which belong to kingdom Monera. Monerans do not have nuclear membrane enclosing the nucleus of the cell.

Mention any two cellular structures absent in kingdom-Animalia of four Kingdom classification system of organisms that are present in kingdom-Protista.

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(a)

Cell wall and chloroplasts are absent in cells of members of Kingdom-Animalia.

Polluted water bodies have usually very high abundance of plants like Nostoc and Oscillatoria. Give reasons.

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(a)

Polluted water bodies (Ponds, ditches and rivers etc.) have usually nutrient contents (such as nitrate, phosphates) domestic sewage primarily contains biodegradable organic matter. Presence of large amount of nutrients in waters also causes excessive growth of Planktonic (free floating algae) called an algal bloom, which imparts a distinct colour to water bodies. Algal bloom causes deterioration of the water quality and fish mortality. Some bloom forming algae mainly Nostoc and Oscillitoria are extremely toxic to human beings and animals.