12th Standard Biology Study material & Free Online Practice Tests - View Model Question Papers with Solutions for Class 12 Session 2019 - 2020
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Biology Question Papers

12th Standard Biology English Medium All Chapter Book Back and Creative One Mark Questions 2020 - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
In which type of parthenogenesis are only males produced?
2)
In which mode of reproduction variations are seen
3)
Autogamy is seen in ______
4)

Identify the correct option to label the diagram
1 - Bud forming
2 - Osculum
3 - Bud growing
4 - Daughter individual
5 - Individual parent
5)
The mature sperms are stored in the

12th Standard Biology English Medium All Chapter Book Back and Creative Two Mark Questions 2020 - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Name an organism where cell division is itself a mode of reproduction.
2)
Name the phenomenon where the female gamete directly develops into a new organism with with an avian example
3)
Identify the parts marked as A, B, C, D, E and F for the below diagram.
4)
Define Vivipary.
5)
Mention the differences between spermiogenesis and spermatogenesis

12th Standard Biology English Medium All Chapter Book Back and Creative Three Mark Questions 2020 - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The unicellular organisms which reproduce by binary fission are considered immortal. Justify
2)
Why are the offsprings of oviparous animal at a greater risk as compared to offsprings of viviparous organisms?
3)
What is Incomplete parthenogenesis? Explain with example.
4)
Meiosis is a type of cell division where the chromosomal number is reduced to half the number daughter cells. Which type of cellular division occurs in the drones to produces spermatozoa? Why?
5)
What is the composition of semen?

12th Standard Biology English Medium All Chapter Book Back and Creative Five Mark Questions 2020 - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Differentiate between the following:
(a) Binary fission in amoeba and multiple fission in Plasmodium
(b) Budding in yeast and budding in Hydra
(c) Regeneration in lizard and Planaria
2)
How is juvenile phase different from reproductive phase?
3)
Write notes on binary fission in animals.
4)
Describe the regeneration process noticed in living organism.
5)
Explain the role of oxytocin and relaxin in parturition and lactation.

11th biology Reproduction in Organisms one marks important questions - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
In which type of parthenogenesis are only males produced?
2)
Animals giving birth to young ones:
3)
The mode of reproduction in bacteria is by
4)
In which mode of reproduction variations are seen
5)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: In bee society, all the members are diploid except drones.
Reason: Drones are produced by parthenogenesis

11th biology - Reproduction in Organisms two marks important questions - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
Name an organism where cell division is itself a mode of reproduction.
2)
Name the phenomenon where the female gamete directly develops into a new organism with with an avian example
3)
What is parthenogenesis? Give two examples from animals.
4)
Which type of reproduction is effective -Asexual or sexual and why?
5)
Name the types of fission.

11th biology Reproduction in Organisms three marks important questions - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
The unicellular organisms which reproduce by binary fission are considered immortal. Justify
2)
Why is the offspring formed by asexual reproduction referred as a clone?
3)
Why are the offsprings of oviparous animal at a greater risk as compared to offsprings of viviparous organisms?
4)
Give reasons for the following:
(a) Some organisms like honey bees are called parthenogenetic animals
(b) A male honey bee has 16 chromosomes where as its female has 32 chromosomes
5)
What is asexual reproduction?

11th biology - Reproduction in Organisms five marks important question - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
Differentiate between the following:
(a) Binary fission in amoeba and multiple fission in Plasmodium
(b) Budding in yeast and budding in Hydra
(c) Regeneration in lizard and Planaria
2)
How is juvenile phase different from reproductive phase?
3)
What is the difference between syngamy and fertilization?
4)
Write a note on regeneration.
5)
Explain parthenogenesis.

11th biology - Reproduction in Organisms model question paper - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
In which type of parthenogenesis are only males produced?
2)
Animals giving birth to young ones:
3)
The mode of reproduction in bacteria is by
4)
In which mode of reproduction variations are seen
5)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: In bee society, all the members are diploid except drones.
Reason: Drones are produced by parthenogenesis

11th biology Reproduction in Organisms one mark important question - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
In which type of parthenogenesis are only males produced?
2)
Animals giving birth to young ones:
3)
The mode of reproduction in bacteria is by
4)
In which mode of reproduction variations are seen
5)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: Viviparous animals give better protection to their off springs.
Reason: They lay their eggs in the safe places of the environment

11th biology - Reproduction in Organisms two marks - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
Name an organism where cell division is itself a mode of reproduction.
2)
Name the phenomenon where the female gamete directly develops into a new organism with with an avian example
3)
What is parthenogenesis? Give two examples from animals.
4)
Which type of reproduction is effective -Asexual or sexual and why?
5)
Name the types of fission.

11th biology - Reproduction in Organisms three marks important question - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
The unicellular organisms which reproduce by binary fission are considered immortal. Justify
2)
Why are the offsprings of oviparous animal at a greater risk as compared to offsprings of viviparous organisms?
3)
Give reasons for the following:
(a) Some organisms like honey bees are called parthenogenetic animals
(b) A male honey bee has 16 chromosomes where as its female has 32 chromosomes
4)
Draw a gemmule and label any 2 parts.
5)
Meiosis is a type of cell division where the chromosomal number is reduced to half the number daughter cells. Which type of cellular division occurs in the drones to produces spermatozoa? Why?

11th biology - Reproduction in Organisms five marks important question - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
Differentiate between the following:
(a) Binary fission in amoeba and multiple fission in Plasmodium
(b) Budding in yeast and budding in Hydra
(c) Regeneration in lizard and Planaria
2)
How is juvenile phase different from reproductive phase?

12th biology - Reproduction in Organisms important question paper - by Biology English Medium - New syllabus 2019 - View & Read

1)
In which type of parthenogenesis are only males produced?
2)
Animals giving birth to young ones:
3)
In which mode of reproduction variations are seen
4)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: Offsprings produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent.
Reason: Asexual reproduction involves only mitosis and no meiosis
5)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: Viviparous animals give better protection to their off springs.
Reason: They lay their eggs in the safe places of the environment

12th Zoology - Immunology - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Given below are some human organs. Identify one primary and one secondary lymphoid organ. Explain its role.
2)
How does saliva act inbody defence?
3)
How does immune system work?
4)
Name and explain the type of barriers which involve macrophages.
5)
What are interferons? Mention their role.

12th Botany - Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Give the binomials of paddy and wheat.
2)
What is maida? Mention its culinary purpose.
3)
Name any four millet varieties.
4)
Ragi rich food helps to overcome bone related ailments - justify.
5)
Eating millets is good for diabetic patients. How?

12th Botany - Plant Breeding - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
What is meant by domestication of plants?
2)
Mention any two free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
3)
What are bio-pesticides? Why they are considered better than synthetic pesticides?
4)
Name any four plants used in Green leaf manuring
5)
Define acclimatization.

12th Botany - Environmental Issues - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
What is ozone hole?
2)
Give four examples of plants cultivated in commercial agroforestry.
3)
Expand CCS.
4)
What are greenhouse gases? Give an example.
5)
Name any four greenhouse gases.

12th Botany - Ecosystem - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Productivity of profundal zone will be low. Why?
2)
Discuss the gross primary productivity is more efficient than net primary productivity.
3)
Pyramid of energy is always upright. Give reasons
4)
What will happen if all producers are removed from ecosystem?
5)
According to A.G. Tansley, what is an ecosystem?

12th Botany - Principles of Ecology - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Define ecology.
2)
What is ecological hierarchy? Name the levels of ecological hierarchy.
3)
What are ecological equivalents? Give one example
4)
Distinguish habitat and niche
5)
Why are some organisms called as eurythermals and some others as stenohaline ?

12th Botany - Plant Tissue Culture - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
What is the name of the process given below? Write its 4 types.
2)
How will you avoid the growing of microbes in nutrient medium during culture process? What are the techniques used to remove the microbes?
3)
Write the various steps involved in cell suspension culture.
4)
What do you mean Embryoids? Write its application.
5)
Define tissue culture.

12th Botany - Principles and Processes of Biotechnology - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
How do you use the biotechnology in modern practice?
2)
What are the materials used to grow microorganism like Spirulina?
3)
You are working in a biotechnology lab with a becterium namely E.coli. How will you cut the nucleotide sequence? explain it.
4)
What are the enzymes you can used to cut terminal end and internal phospho di ester bond of nucleotide sequence?
5)
Name the chemicals used in gene transfer.

12th Botany - Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
When two different genes came from same parent they tend to remain together.
i) What is the name of this phenomenon?
ii) Draw the cross with suitable example.
iii) Write the observed phenotypic ratio.
2)
If you cross dominant genotype PV/PV male Drosophila with double recessive female and obtain F1 hybrid. Now you cross F1 male with double recessive female.
i) What type of linkage is seen?
ii) Draw the cross with correct genotype.
iii) What is the possible genotype in F2 generation?

s.no	gamete types	Number of progenies
1	ABC	349
2	Abc	114
3	abC	124
4	AbC	5
5	aBc	4
6	aBC	116
7	ABc	128
8	abc	360

i) What is the name of this test cross?
ii) How will you construct gene mapping from the above given data?
iii) Find out the correct order of genes.

4)
What is the difference between missense and nonsense mutation?
5)
Define linkage. Mention its types.

12th Botany - Classical Genetics - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Name the seven contrasting traits of Mendel.
2)
What is meant by true breeding or pure breeding lines / strain?
3)
Give the names of the scientists who rediscovered Mendelism
4)
What is back cross?
5)
Define Genetics.

12th Botany - Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
What is reproduction?
2)
Mention the contribution of Hofmeister towards Embryology.
3)
List out two sub-aerial stem modifications with example.
4)
What is layering?
5)
What are clones?

12th Zoology - Environmental Issues - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Expand
(i) CFC
(ii) AQI
(iii) PAN
2)
What is SMOG and how it is harmful for us?
3)
List all the wastes that you generate, at home, school or during your trips to other places. Could you very easily reduce the generation of these wastes? Which would be difficult or rather impossible to reduce?
4)
Discuss the causes and effects of global warming. What measures need to be taken to control global warming?
5)
What would Earth be like without the greenhouse effect?

12th Zoology - Biodiversity and its Conservation - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Define endemism
2)
How many hotspots are there in India? Name them
3)
What are the three levels of biodiversity?
4)
Name the active chemical found in the medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria. What type of diversity it belongs to?
5)
“Amazon forest is considered to be the lungs of the planet”- Justify this statement.

12th Zoology - Organisms and Population - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
What is a Habitat?
2)
Define ecological niche.
3)
What is Acclimatisation?
4)
What is Pedogenesis?
5)
What is Zero Stress?

12th Zoology - Applications of Biotechnology - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Mention the number of primers required in each cycle of PCR. Write the role of primers and DNA polymerase in PCR. Name the source organism of the DNA polymerase used in PCR.
2)
How is the amplification of a gene sample of interest carried out using PCR?
3)
What is genetically engineered Insulin?
4)
Explain how “Rosie” is different from a normal cow
5)
How was Insulin obtained before the advent of rDNA technology? What were the problems encountered?

12th Zoology - Microbes in Human Welfare - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
How is milk converted into curd? Explain the process of curd formation
2)
Give any two bioactive molecules produced by microbes and state their uses.
3)
What is biological oxygen demand?
4)
What is biocontrol?
5)
What are biopesticides?

12th Zoology - Human Health and Diseases - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Given below are some human organs. Identify one primary and one secondary lymphoid organ. Explain its role. Liver, thymus, stomach, thyroid, tonsils.
2)
Name and explain the type of barriers which involve macrophages.
3)
What are interferons? Mention their role.
4)
List out chemical alarm signals produced during inflammation.
5)
Explain the process of replication of retrovirus after it gains entry into the human body.

12th Zoology - Evolution - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
List out the major gases seems to be found in the primitive earth.
2)
Explain the three major categories in which fossilization occur?
3)
Differentiate between divergent evolution and convergent evolution with one example for each.
4)
How does Hardy-Weinberg’s expression (p²+2pq+q²=1) explain that genetic equilibrium is maintained in a population? List any four factors that can disturb the genetic equilibrium.
5)
Explain how mutations, natural selection and genetic drift affect Hardy Weinberg equilibrium.

12th Zoology - Molecular Genetics - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Give reasons: Genetic code is ‘universal’.
2)
Name the parts marked ‘A’ and ‘B’ in the given transcription unit:
3)
Differentiate - Leading stand and lagging strand
4)
Differentiate - Template strand and coding strand.
5)
Mention any two ways in which single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) identified in human genome can bring revolutionary change in biological and medical science

12th Zoology - Principles of Inheritance and Variation - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
What is haplodiploidy?
2)
Distinguish between heterogametic and homogametic sex determination systems
3)
What is Lyonisation?
4)
What is criss-cross inheritance?
5)
Why are sex linked recessive characters more common in the male human beings?

12th Zoology - Reproductive Health - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
What is amniocentesis? Why a statutory ban is imposed on this technique?
2)
Select the correct term from the bracket and complete the given branching tree

(Barriers, Lactational amenorrhoea, CuT, Tubectomy)
3)
Correct the following statements
a) Transfer of an ovum collected from donor into the fallopian tube is called ZIFT.
b) Transfering of an embryo with more than 8 blastomeres into uterus is called GIFT.
c) Multiload 375 is a hormone releasing IUD.
4)
Which method do you suggest the couple to have a baby, if the male partner fails to inseminate the female or due to very low sperm count in the ejaculate?
5)
Which type of women are benefited by Invitro fertilization?

12th Zoology - Human Reproduction - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Mention the differences between spermiogenesis and spermatogenesis
2)
At what stage of development are the gametes formed in new born male and female?
3)
Expand the acronyms
a. FSH
b. LH
c. hCG
d. hPL
4)
How is polyspermy avoided in humans?
5)
What is colostrum? Write its significance.

12th Zoology - Reproduction in Organisms - Two Marks Study Materials - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Name an organism where cell division is itself a mode of reproduction.
2)
Name the phenomenon where the female gamete directly develops into a new organism with with an avian example
3)
What is parthenogenesis? Give two examples from animals.
4)
Which type of reproduction is effective -Asexual or sexual and why?
5)
Name the types of fission.

12th Biology - Full Portion Five Marks Question Paper - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
The following is the illustration of the sequence of ovarian events (a-i) in a human female.

a) Identify the figure that illustrates ovulation and mention the stage of oogenesis it represents.
b) Name the ovarian hormone and the pituitary hormone that have caused the above-mentioned events.
c) Explain the changes that occurs in the uterus simultaneously in anticipation.
d) Write the difference between C and H.
2)
Explain the process of oogenesis.
3)
Amnicentesis, the foetal sex determination test, is banned in our country, Is it necessary? comment
4)
Explain the inheritance of sex linked characters in human being.
5)
How is the two stage process of protein synthesis advantageous?

12th Biology - Full Portion Three Marks Question Paper - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Why is the offspring formed by asexual reproduction referred as a clone?
2)
What is strobilation?
3)
How exogenous buds are developed by Hydra?
4)
Complete the flow chart by mentioning the ploidy of cells in boxes.
5)
What is Ferguson reflex?

12th Biology - Full Portion Two Marks Question Paper - by 8682895000 - View & Read

1)
Name the phenomenon where the female gamete directly develops into a new organism with with an avian example
2)
Define regeneration mention the types.
3)
Identify the parts marked as A, B, C, D, E and F for the below diagram.
4)
What is amniocentesis? Why a statutory ban is imposed on this technique?
5)
What are holandric genes?

12th Biology - Public Model Question Paper 2019 - 2020 - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Fusion of morphologically and physiologically similar gametes is called ______
2)
Select the incorrect action of hormonal contraceptive pills from the following
3)
Watson and Crick proposed their double helical DNA model based on the X-ray diffraction analysis of _________
4)
Darwin’s finches are an excellent example of
5)
Select the correct statement from the following

12th Biology - Zoology - Immunology Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Paratope is an
2)
All are peripheral lymphoid organs except
3)
B Cells are activated by
4)
______ is not a feature of acquired immunity.
5)
Lymph nodes are seen in the ______

12th Biology - Botany - Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Tectona grandis is coming under family
2)
Observe the following statements and pick out the right option from the following:
Statement I – Perfumes are manufactured from essential oils.
Statement II – Essential oils are formed at different parts of the plants.
3)
Observe the following statements and pick out the right option from the following:
Statement I: The drug sources of Siddha include plants, animal parts, ores and minerals.
Statement II: Minerals are used for preparing drugs with long shelf-life.

Match the common names of the given plant species with their respective binomial

(A)	Paddy	(I)	Vigna radiata
(B)	Lady's finger	(II)	Titicum aestivum
(C)	Wheat	(III)	Oryza sativa
(D)	Green gram	(IV)	Abelmoschus esculentus

5)
Identify the tamil name for flaked rice

12th Biology - Botany - Plant Breeding Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The quickest method of plant breeding is
2)
Jaya and Ratna are the semi dwarf varieties of

Match list I with list II

List I	List II
Biofertilizer	Organisms
i) Free living N2	a) Aspergillus
ii) Symbiotic N2	b) Amanita
iii) P Solubilizing	c) Anabaena azollae
iv) P Mobilizing	d) Azotobactor

4)
Which of the following scientist developed world's first cotton hybrid?
5)
Assertion (A): SLF promotes vigorous growth and provide resistance against diseases.
Reason (R): SLF is made from kelp containing more than 70 minerals.

12th Biology - Botany - Environmental Issues Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Find the wrongly matched pair.
2)
Deforestation does not lead to
3)
Identify the incorrect statement with regard to Global warming
4)
Invasive species _______________
5)
The ozone layer of ___________ is called bad ozone.

12th Biology - Botany - Ecosystem Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Which of the following is / are not a natural ecosystem?
2)
Solar energy used by green plants for photosynthesis is only
3)
The following diagram represents
4)
Which of the following are not regulating services of ecosystem services
i) Genetic resources
ii) Recreation and aesthetic values
iii) Invasion resistance
iv) Climatic regulation
5)
Pick out the edaphic factor among the following.

12th Biology - Botany - Principles of Ecology Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Ecology is the study of an individual species is called
i) Community ecology
ii) Autecology
iii) Species ecology
iv) Synecology
2)
In soil water available for plants is
3)
Pedogenesis refers to
4)
Identify the indicators of fire.
5)
Earth day is observed on

12th Biology - Botany - Plant Tissue Culture Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Micro propagation involves
2)
Solidifying agent used in plant tissue culture is
3)
Protoplast are the cells devoid of ___________
4)
Assertion (A) : Sterilization helps to overcome microbes.
Reason (R) : Explants are autoclaved.
5)
The term used to define the ability of a cell to generate entire individual is

12th Biology - Botany - Principles and Processes of Biotechnology Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Plasmids are
2)
An analysis of chromosomal DNA using the southern hybridisation technique does not use
3)
Zymology deals with __________
4)
Cohesive ends are _____________
5)
Statement 1: DNA is a hydrophobic molecule.
Statement 2: T-DNA is a part ofE-coli plasmid.

12th Biology - Botany - Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Which of the following sentences are correct?
1. The offspring exhibit only parental combinations due to incomplete linkage
2. The linked genes exhibit some crossing over in complete linkage
3. The separation of two linked genes are possible in incomplete linkage
4. Crossing over is absent in complete linkage
2)
How many map units separate two alleles A and B if the recombination frequency is 0.09?
3)
Which is not a feature of the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
4)
Mechanism of crossing over involves the following stages. Select the correct sequence.
5)
Transition type of gene mutation is caused when__________

12th Biology - Botany - Classical Genetics Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
In Mendel’s experiments with garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (rr), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy). What are the expected phenotypes in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY x rryy?
2)
Gene which suppresses other genes activity but does not lie on the same locus is called as
3)
Which is not a correct statement?
(A) Variations are the raw materials for evolution
(B) Variations provide genetic material for natural selection
(C) It helps the individual to adapt to the changing environment
(D) Variations allow breeders to improve the crop field
4)
How many characters studied by Mendel in pisum sativum
5)
Identify the incorrect statement

12th Biology - Botany - Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Size of pollen grain in Myosotis
2)
Arrange the layers of anther wall from locus to periphery
3)
Assertion : Sporopollenin preserves pollen in fossil deposits
Reason : Sporopollenin is resistant to physical and biological decomposition
4)
Which of the following aquatic plant is popularly known as the "Terror of Bengal"?
5)
Which is not a part of mature seed?

12th Biology - Zoology - Environmental Issues Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
As per 2017 statistics, the highest per capita emitter of Carbon dioxide in the world is
2)
PCB is a major component of ______________
3)
A lake which is rich in organic waste may result in
4)
Identify the incorrect statement.
(i) EcoSan toilets is a sustainable way for handling human excreta by using dry composting toilets
(ii) It reduces waste water generation
(Ui) It is based on recovery and recycling of nutrients from excreta
(iv) EcoSan toilets are used in several parts of India and Srilanka.
5)
Assertion (A): Evolution.of Greenhouse gases leads to Global warming
Reason (R): The energy released by the greenhouse gases move away from the atmospheric

12th Biology - Zoology - Biodiversity and its Conservation Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Who introduced the term biodiversity?
2)
The grizzled squirrel and lion tailed Macaque are endemic to _____________
3)
________ is not a hotspot in India.
4)
Mundanthurai wild life sanctuary is located in ___________ district.
5)
Sacred groves are specially useful in

12th Biology - Zoology - Organisms and Population Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Which of the following is an r-species
2)
"Birds and mammals attain greater body size in colder regions than warmer regions." - Choose the correct option.
3)
A biologist studies the population of eats in a barn. He found that the average natality was 250, average mortality is 240, immigration is 20 and emigration to be 30. The in population is
4)
Pick out the correct statement regarding K-selected species
5)
Death rate is also known as ___________

12th Biology - Zoology - Applications of Biotechnology Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The genetic defect adenosine deaminase deficiency may be cured permanently by
2)
The first synthetic vaccine produced was_________
3)
This is not the advantage of new generation vaccine
4)
PCR was developed by___________
5)
Statement 1: Rosie was the first transgenic goat.
Statement 2: Meat is enriched with human protein

12th Biology - Zoology - Microbes in Human Welfare Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The gases produced in anaerobic sludge digesters are
2)
________is not used as a biofertilizer
3)
Which of the following are likely to be present in deep-sea water?
4)
Tetracycline is a ________________
(i) bactericidal antibiotic
(ii) bacteriastatic antibiotic
(iii) narrow spectrum antibiotic
(iv) Broad spectrum antibiotic
5)
Select the correct option denoting the proper sequence of sewage tratment.

12th Biology - Zoology - Human Health and Diseases Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Choose the correctly match pair.
2)
The site of infection for yersinia pestis is___________
3)
___________is not a symptom of Kala-azar
4)
________is a plant with hallucinogenic properties
5)
Choose the symptom not seen in amoebiasis

12th Biology - Zoology - Evolution Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The age of fossils can be determined by
2)
Origin of fishes occurred in ___________ period
3)
Founder's effect is related to
4)
Which one of the following brings about evidence for convergent evolution?
5)
Genetic drift leads to

12th Biology - Zoology - Molecular Genetics Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
What is the basis for the difference in the synthesis of the leading and lagging strand of DNA molecules?
2)
The first codon to be deciphered was __________ which codes for ________.
3)
The classical concept of a gene was given by _______.
4)
The term ___________ refers to DNA of Prokaryotes.
5)
In genetic code there are __________ possible triplets.

12th Biology - Zoology - Principles of Inheritance and Variation Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Three children of a family have blood groups A, AB and B. What could be the genotypes of their parents?
2)
Father of a child is colourblind and mother is carrier for colourblindness, the probability of the child being colourblind is
3)
Improvement of human race by encouraging the healthy persons to marry early and produce large number of children is called
4)
Which of the following is incorrect regarding ZW-ZZ type of sex determination?
5)
The secretors have the I allele in _______.

12th Biology - Zoology - Reproductive Health Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The approach which does not give the defined action of contraceptive is
2)
Select the incorrect action of hormonal contraceptive pills from the following
3)
Sperm remains active for _____ hours in the female reproductive tract
4)
____ vaccination of girls between 9-13 years can prevent cervical cancer.
5)
______ is needed for normal functioning of reproductive structures

12th Biology - Zoology - Human Reproduction Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The foetal membrane that forms the basis of the umbilical cord is
2)
The Androgen Binding Protein (ABP) is produced by
3)
Spermatid \(\overset { A }{ \rightarrow }\) Spermatozoa what does 'A' stands for?
4)
______ is popularly known as sperm lysin.
5)
The dividing embryo takes ______ days to move to the uterus from the fallopian tube.

12th Biology - Zoology - Reproduction in Organisms Practice Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The mode of reproduction in bacteria is by
2)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: Viviparous animals give better protection to their off springs.
Reason: They lay their eggs in the safe places of the environment
3)
During favourable conditions ______ shows multiple fission.
4)
If the entire organism behaves as a gamete the Phenomenon is called _____
5)
Human beings exhibit ______

12th Biology - Molecular Genetics Model Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
What is the basis for the difference in the synthesis of the leading and lagging strand of DNA molecules?
2)
Which of the following is the correct sequence of event with reference to the central dogma?
3)
Meselson and Stahl’s experiment proved
4)
One gene one enzyme hypothesis was proposed by Beadle and Tatum based on ________
5)
The experiment conducted by Griffith was based on_________.

12th Biology - Principles of Inheritance and Variation Model Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
ABO blood group in man is controlled by
2)
Which of the following is true about Rh factor in the offspring of a parental combination DdXDd (both Rh positive)?
3)
XO type of sex determination and XY type of sex determination are examples of
4)
_________ proposed the existence of 8 alleles at a single Rh locus.
5)
The lygaeus type (XX - XY) type of sex determination is seen in ______

12th Biology - Reproductive Health Model Question Paper - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The approach which does not give the defined action of contraceptive is
2)
Select the incorrect action of hormonal contraceptive pills from the following
3)
In ZIFT technique the zygote is transferred at the stage of ________
4)
In the year ______ india is expected to become the largest country in population size ______
5)
Formation of chronic ulcer is a symptom of ______

12th Biology - Human Reproduction Important Questions - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
The most important hormone in intiating and maintaining lactation after birth is
2)
Mammalian egg is
3)
The Androgen Binding Protein (ABP) is produced by
4)
_____ are endocrine cells.
5)
____ is not linked to male reproductive system.

12th Biology - Reproduction in Organisms Important Questions - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: Offsprings produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent.
Reason: Asexual reproduction involves only mitosis and no meiosis
2)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: Viviparous animals give better protection to their off springs.
Reason: They lay their eggs in the safe places of the environment
3)
Plasmotomy is observed in ________
4)
Giant Amoeba refers to ______
5)
Budding is seen in ______

12th Biology - Half Yearly Model Question Paper 2019 - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Assertion and reasoning questions:
In each of the following questions there are two statements. One is assertion (A) and other is reasoning (R). Mark the correct answer as
Assertion: In bee society, all the members are diploid except drones.
Reason: Drones are produced by parthenogenesis
2)
Assertion (A): The acrosome of the Sperm cell contains Sperm lysin.
Reason (R): Sperm lysin destroys the deformed Sperm cells.
3)
The approach which does not give the defined action of contraceptive is
4)
DOPA stands for __________
5)
A mRNA molecule is produced by

12th Standard Biology - Zoology - Immunology Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Paratope is an
2)
Allergy involves
3)
Spread of cancerous cells to distant sites is termed as
4)
Which is not a macrophage?
5)
B Cells are activated by

12th Botany - Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Groundnut is native of _____________
2)
Tectona grandis is coming under family
3)
New world species of cotton
4)
The active principle trans-tetra hydro canabial is present in
5)
The only cereal that has originated and domesticated from the New world.

12th Botany - Plant Breeding Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
The quickest method of plant breeding is
2)
Plants having similar genotypes produced by plant breeding are called
3)
Importing better varieties and plants from outside and acclimatising them to local environment is called
4)
Crosses between the plants of the same variety are called
5)
Jaya and Ratna are the semi dwarf varieties of

12th Biology - Botany - Environmental Issues Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Depletion of which gas in the atmosphere can lead to an increased incidence of skin cancer?
2)
One green house gas contributes 14% of total global warming and another contributes 6%. These are respectively identified as
3)
The unit for measuring ozone thickness
4)
The plants which are grown in silivpasture system are
5)
Which is not a greenhouse gas?

12th Biology - Botany - Ecosystem Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Which of the following is not a abiotic component of the ecosystem?
2)
Pond is a type of
3)
Solar energy used by green plants for photosynthesis is only
4)
Ecosystem consists of
5)
Which of the following is / are not the mechanism of decomposition

12th Biology - Botany - Principles of Ecology Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Arrange the correct sequence of ecological hierarchy starting from lower to higher level.
2)
Which of the given plant produces cardiac glycosides?
3)
In soil water available for plants is
4)
The plant of this group are adapted to live partly in water and partly above substratum and free from water
5)
A free living nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium which can also form symbiotic association with the water fern Azolla

12th Biology - Botany - Plant Tissue Culture Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Micro propagation involves
2)
The time duration for sterilization process by using autoclave is ______ minutes and the temperature is _______
3)
Virus free plants are developed from
4)
The prevention of large scale loss of biological interity
5)
Identify the group of scientists who developed the intergenic hybrid - the pomato.

12th Biology - Botany - Principles and Processes of Biotechnology Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Restriction enzymes are
2)
Plasmids are
3)
Which of the following one is used as a Biosensors?
4)
An analysis of chromosomal DNA using the southern hybridisation technique does not use
5)
Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are

12th Biology - Botany - Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
An allohexaploidy contains
2)
Genes G S L H are located on same chromosome. The recombination percentage is between L and G is 15%, S and L is 50%, H and S are 20%. The correct order of genes is
3)
Changing the codon AGC to AGA represents
4)
How many map units separate two alleles A and B if the recombination frequency is 0.09?
5)
The following sequence represents the location of genes in a chromosome. A - B - C - M - R - S - y -Z. Which of the gene pairs will have least chance of getting inherited together?

12th Standard Biology - Botany - Classical Genetics Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
How many different kinds of gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?
2)
In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green. If a heterozygous yellow seed pant is crossed with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants would you expect in F₁ generation?
3)
The genotype of a plant showing the dominant phenotype can be determined
4)
Fruit colour in squash is an example of
5)
The genes controlling the seven pea characters studied by Mendel are known to be located on how many different chromosomes?

12th Standard Biology - Botany - Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
An eminent Indian embryologist is
2)
Identify the correctly matched pair
3)
Identify the incorrect pair
4)
Which of the following represent megagametophyte
5)
In Haplopappus gracilis, number of chromosomes in cells of nucellus is 4. What will be the chromosome number in Primary endosperm cell?

12th Biology - Botany - Environmental Issues Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Which of the following would most likely help to slow down the greenhouse effect.
2)
Deforestation means
3)
People’s movement for the protection of environment in Sirsi of Karnataka is
4)
The plants which are grown in silivpasture system are
5)
Which is not a greenhouse gas?

12th Biology - Botany - Ecosystem Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Which of the following is not a abiotic component of the ecosystem?
2)
Solar energy used by green plants for photosynthesis is only
3)
Ecosystem consists of
4)
Significance of food web is / are
5)
Which of the following is / are not the mechanism of decomposition

12th Standard Biology - Botany - Principles of Ecology Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
A specific place in an ecosystem, where an organism lives and performs its functions is
2)
Which of the given plant produces cardiac glycosides?
3)
In soil water available for plants is
4)
Ophrys an orchid resembling the female of an insect so as to able to get pollinated is due to phenomenon of
5)
Pedogenesis refers to

12th Biology - Botany - Plant Tissue Culture Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Totipotency refers to
2)
The time duration for sterilization process by using autoclave is ______ minutes and the temperature is _______
3)
Virus free plants are developed from
4)
The prevention of large scale loss of biological interity
5)
Solidifying agent used in plant tissue culture is

12th Standard Biology - Botany - Principles and Processes of Biotechnology Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Which of the following one is used as a Biosensors?
2)
Which one of the following is not correct statement
3)
Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are
4)
Cohesive ends are _____________
5)
Self-ligation is prevented by____________

12th Biology - Botany - Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Due to incomplete linkage in maize, the ratio of parental and recombinants are
2)
Genes G S L H are located on same chromosome. The recombination percentage is between L and G is 15%, S and L is 50%, H and S are 20%. The correct order of genes is
3)
Changing the codon AGC to AGA represents
4)
Which is not a feature of the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
5)
Incomplete linkage was reported by Hutchinson in ___________

12th Biology - Botany - Classical Genetics Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Extra nuclear inheritance is a consequence of presence of genes in
2)
In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green. If a heterozygous yellow seed pant is crossed with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants would you expect in F₁ generation?
3)
The genotype of a plant showing the dominant phenotype can be determined
4)
Which Mendelian idea is depicted by a cross in which the F1 generation resembles both the parents
5)
“Gametes are never hybrid”. This is a statement of

12th Biology - Botany - Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
An eminent Indian embryologist is
2)
Identify the correctly matched pair
3)
Pollen tube was discovered by
4)
Identify the incorrect pair
5)
Which of the following represent megagametophyte

12th Standard Biology - Term II Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Animals giving birth to young ones:
2)
The site of embryo implantation is the
3)
Mangolism is a genetic disorder which is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome number
4)
A mRNA molecule is produced by
5)
An operon is a:

12th Standard Biology - Zoology - Biodiversity and its Conservation Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Which of the following region has maximum biodiversity
2)
Which one of the following is not coming under insitu conservation
3)
Who introduced the term biodiversity?
4)
Which one of the following are at high risk extinction due to habitat destruction
5)
The grizzled squirrel and lion tailed Macaque are endemic to _____________

12th Standard Biology - Zoology - Environmental Issues Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Right to Clean Water is a fundamental right, under the Indian Constitution
2)
The ‘thickness’ of Stratospheric Ozone layer is measured in/on:
3)
As per 2017 statistics, the highest per capita emitter of Carbon dioxide in the world is
4)
The use of microorganism metabolism to remove pollutants such as oil spills in the water bodies is known as
5)
Which among the following always decreases in a Food chain across tropic levels?

12th Biology - Zoology - Organisms and Population Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
All populations in a given physical area are defined as
2)
Competition between species leads to
3)
Which of the following is an r-species
4)
The relationship between sucker fish and shark is__________
5)
Animals that can move from fresh water to sea called as______

12th Standard Biology - Zoology - Applications of Biotechnology Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
The first clinical gene therapy was done for the treatment of
2)
PCR proceeds in three distinct steps governed by temperature, they are in order of
3)
ELISA is mainly used for
4)
Recombinant Factor VIII is produced in the ______ cells of the Chinese Hamster
5)
Vaccines that use components of a pathogenic organism rather than the whole organism are called

12th Standard Biology - Zoology - Microbes in Human Welfare Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Which of the following pair is correctly
2)
Which of the following is not involved in nitrogen fixation?
3)
CO₂ is not released during
4)
WorId Biofuel day is observed on_______
5)
Aspergillus niger helps to produce________

12th Standard Biology - Zoology - Human Health and Diseases Model Question Paper - by Antoney - Tiruppur - View & Read

1)
Exo-erythrocytic schizogony of Plasmodium takes place in _______
2)
Choose the correctly match pair.
3)
Cirrhosis of liver is caused by chronic intake of ______
4)
Allergy involves
5)
AIDS virus has

12th Zoology - Evolution Three Marks Questions - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Taking the example of Peppered moth, explain the action of natural selection. What do you call the above phenomenon?
2)
Darwin's finches and Australian marsupials are suitable examples of adaptive radiation – Justify the statement
3)
Who disproved Lamarck’s Theory of acquired characters? How?
4)
How does Mutation theory of De Vries differ from Lamarck and Darwin’s view in the origin of new species.
5)
Explain stabilizing, directional and disruptive selection with examples

12th Zoology - Immunology Three Marks Questions - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Differentiate between:
Innate immunity and acquired immunity
2)
Differentiate between:
Primary and secondary immune responses
3)
Differentiate between:
Active and passive immunity
4)
Differentiate between:
Humoral and CMI immunity
5)
Differentiate between:
Autoimmune disease and Immunodeficiency disease

12th Botany - Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany Three Marks Questions - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
Differentiate bio-medicines and botanical medicines.
2)
Write the origin and area of cultivation of green gram and red gram.
3)
What are millets? What are its types? Give example for each type.
4)
If a person drinks a cup of coffee daily it will help him for his health. Is this correct? If it is correct, list out the benefits.
5)
Enumerate the uses of turmeric

12th Botany - Plant Breeding Three Marks Questions - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam - View & Read

1)
How Rhizobium acts as an efficient bio- fertiIizer?
2)
Azolla increases the yield of paddy crop - support your answer.
3)
Mention any three advantages of Arbuscular mycorrhizal association.
4)
What makes the Trichoderma an effective bio-pesticide?
5)
Write a note on Green Manuring.

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TN Stateboard Education Study Materials

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12th Biology Volume 1 - One Mark Questions with Answer Key - Download - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam Oct 04, 2019 Oct 04, 2019

12th Stateboard Biology 2019 - 2020 Academic Monthly Syllabus - by Suchitra - Gobichettipalayam Aug 02, 2019 Aug 02, 2019

Biology 2019 - 2020 Academic Monthly Syllabus

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TN Stateboard Updated Class 12th Biology Syllabus

Botany - Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Introduction - Asexual Reproduction - Vegetative Reproduction - Sexual Reproduction - Pre-fertilization structure and events - Fertilization - Post fertilization structure and events - Apomixis - Polyembryony - Parthenocarpy

Botany - Classical Genetics

Introduction - Heredity and Variation - Mendelism - Laws of Mendelian Inheritance - Monohybrid, Dihybrid, Trihybrid cross, Backcross and Testcross - Interaction of Genes-Intragenic and Intergenic Incomplete dominance, Lethal genes, Epistasis - Polygenic inheritance in Wheat kernel colour, Pleiotropy - Pisum sativum - Extrachromosomal inheritance- Cytoplasmic inheritance in Mitochondria and Chloroplast.

Botany - Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Chromosomal theory of Inheritance - Linkage - Eye color in Drosophila and Seed color in Maize - Crossing over, Recombination and Gene mapping - Multiple alleles - Sex determination in plants - Mutation - types, mutagenic agents and their significance.

Botany - Principles and Processes of Biotechnology

Development of Biotechnology - Historical Perspective - Traditional Biotechnology - Advancements in Modern Biotechnology - Tools for Genetic Engineering - Methods of Gene transfer - Screening for Recombiants - Transgenic Plants / Genetically Modifi ed Crops - Applications of Biotechnology.

Botany - Plant Tissue Culture

Milestones in plant tissue culture - Basic concepts in plant disuse culture - Plant tissue culture techniques and types - Plant regeneration pathway - Applications of plant tissue culture - Conservation of plant genetic resources - Intellectual rights of property (IPR), Biosafety and Bioethics - Future Biotechnology

Botany - Principles of Ecology

Ecology - Ecological factors - Ecological adaptations - Dispersal of seeds and fruits

Botany - Ecosystem

Structure of ecosystem - Functions of ecosystem - Plant succession

Botany - Environmental Issues

Greenhouse effect, ozone depletion - Forestry - Deforestation - Afforestation - Alien invasive species - Conservation - Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) - Rainwater harvesting - Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) - Geographic Information System

Botany - Plant Breeding

Relationship between human and plants - Domestication of plants - Origin of agriculture - History of agriculture - Organic agriculture - Plant breeding - Conventional plant breeding methods - Modern plant breeding Techniques

Botany - Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany

Food Plants - Spices and Condiments - Fibre - Timber - Latex - Pulp wood - Dye - Cosmetics - Traditional system of medicines - Medicinal plants - Entrepreneurial Botany

Zoology - Reproduction in Organisms

Modes of reproduction - Asexual reproduction - Sexual reproduction

Zoology - Human Reproduction

Human reproductive system - Gametogenesis - Menstrual cycle - Fertilisation and implantation - Maintenance of pregnancy and embryonic development - Parturition and lactation

Zoology - Reproductive Health

Need for reproductive health Problems and strategies - Amniocentesis and its statutory ban - Social impact of sex ratio, female foeticide and infanticide - Population explosion and birth control - Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) - Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) - Infertility - Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) - Detection of foetal disorders during early pregnancy

Zoology - Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Multiple alleles - Human blood groups - Genetic control of Rh factor - Sex determination in human, insects, and birds - Sex-linked inheritance - Karyotyping - Pedigree analysis - Mendelian disorders - Chromosomal abnormalities

Zoology - Molecular Genetics

Gene as the functional unit of inheritance - In search of the genetic material - DNA is the genetic material - Chemistry of nucleic acids - RNA world - Properties of genetic material - Packaging of DNA helix - DNA Replication - Transcription - Genetic code - tRNA – the adapter molecule - Translation - Regulation of Gene expression - Human Genome Project (HGP) - DNA finger printing technique

Zoology - Evolution

Origin of life - Evolution of life forms - Geological time scale - Biological evolution - Evidences for biological evolution - Theories of biological evolution - Mechanism of evolution - Hardy Weinberg principle - Origin and evolution of man

Zoology - Human Health and Diseases

Common diseases in human beings: Infectious and non-infectious - Maintenance of personal and public hygiene - Basic concepts of immunology - Immunodeficency diseases - Autoimmune diseases - Adolescence – Drug and alcohol abuse - Mental health – Depression

Zoology - Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes in household products - Microbes in industrial products - Microbes in sewage treatment and energy generation - Microbes in the production of biogas - Microbes as bio-control agents and bio-fertilisers - Bioremediation

Zoology - Applications of Biotechnology

Applications in Medicine - Gene therapy - Stem Cell Therapy - Molecular Diagnosis - Transgenic Animals - Biological products and their uses - Animal cloning - Ethical issues

Zoology - Organisms and Population

Organism and its Environment - Habitat - Major Abiotic Components or Factors - Concept of Biome and Distribution - Responses to abiotic factors - Adaptations - Populations - Population attributes - Population age distribution - Growth models / Curves - Population regulation - Population interactions

Zoology - Biodiversity and its Conservation

Biodiversity - Importance of biodiversity – Global and India - Biogeographical regions of India - Threats to biodiversity - Causes of Biodiversity Loss - IUCN - Biodiversity and its conservation

Zoology - Environmental Issues

Pollution - Air Pollution - Water Pollution - Noise Pollution - Agrochemicals - Biomagnification - Eutrophication - Organic Farming and its Implementation - Solid Waste Management - Global Environment Change - Ozone Depletion - Deforestation - Ecosan Toilets - Peoples Participation in Conservation of Forests

Zoology - Immunology

Basic Concepts of Immunology - Innate Immunity - Acquired Immunity - Immune Responses - Lymphoid Organs - Antigens - Antibodies - Antigen - Antibody Interactions - Vaccines - Vaccination and Immunization - Hypersensitivity - Immunodeficiency Diseases - Autoimmune Diseases - Tumour Immunology

12th Standard Biology Videos

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Updated Chapters in 12th Standard Biology

Zoology - Reproduction in Organisms

Zoology - Human Reproduction

Zoology - Reproductive Health

Zoology - Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Zoology - Molecular Genetics

Zoology - Evolution

Zoology - Human Health and Diseases

Zoology - Microbes in Human Welfare

Zoology - Applications of Biotechnology

Zoology - Organisms and Population

Zoology - Biodiversity and its Conservation

Zoology - Environmental Issues

Botany - Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Botany - Classical Genetics

Botany - Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Botany - Principles and Processes of Biotechnology

Botany - Plant Tissue Culture

Botany - Principles of Ecology

Botany - Ecosystem

Botany - Environmental Issues

Botany - Plant Breeding

Botany - Economically Useful Plants and Entrepreneurial Botany

Zoology - Immunology

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