How the Aristotle divided animals into two groups?

1

(a)

Aristotle divided animals in two groups. These are Enaima (with red blood ) and Enaima (without red blood)

Who coined the term Protista?

1

(a)

Ernst Haeckel (1866)

Give the names of the kingdom in three kingdom classification.

1

(a)

Plantae, Protista, and Animalia

Give the name of the classes of Kingdom - Plantae.

1

(a)

Algae, Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms.

What is capsid and how is it useful for viruses?

1

(a)

Capsid is a proteinacceous covering around the virus. It protects the nucleoid from damage from physical and chemical agents.

Why lichens are called dual organisms?

1

(a)

Lichens are dual organisms which contain a fungus or mycobiont and an alga or phycobinot.

Virus cannot grow on non-living culture medium. Give reason

1

(a)

A virus cannot grow on non-living culture medium because it needs living cells for its metabolism and multiplication.

Why two kingdom classification continued to be used for a long time?

1

(a)

Classification of organisms into plants and animals was easily done and was easy to understand.

In which kingdom of five kingdom classification, nuclear membrane is not present?

1

(a)

Bacteria are prokaryotes which belong to kingdom Monera. Monerans do not have nuclear membrane enclosing the nucleus of the cell.

Who proposed the five-kingdom classification? Name the five kingdoms.

1

(a)

(a) R.H. Whittaker
(b)The kingdoms are:
(i) Monera,
(ii) Protista
(iii) Fungi
(iv) Plantae and
(v) Animalia

Plants are autotrophic. Can you think of some plants that are partially heterotrophic?

2

(a)

What are bacteriophages and their types? Identify their shape.

2

(a)

Which type of fungi are also called bracket fungi?

2

(a)

How are viroids different from viruses?

2

(a)

What is the characteristic feature of class-Ascomycetes?

2

(a)

Lichens play important role in biological succession and soil formation. Justify.

2

(a)

Write a brief account of reproduction in fungi

3

(a)

Explain the following terms in relation to Phycomycetes.
(i) Mycelium
(ii) Eucarpy and holocarpy
(iii) Asexual reproduction.

3

(a)

Explain the terms
(i) Basidiocarp
(ii) Basidia
(iii) Basidiospores

3

(a)

Justify at what extent the phylogenetic relationship is useful as a criterion for classification.

3

(a)

How do dinoflagellates differ from euglenoids?

3

(a)

What are the modes of locomotion found in protists?

3

(a)

Organise a discussion in your class on the topic – Are viruses living or nonliving?

5

(a)

Briefly describe the components of a typical bacteria cell

5

(a)