What is the significance of hepatic portal system in the circulatory system?

3

(a)

Why renal portal system is absent in mammals?

3

(a)

An Rh^- woman is carrying an Rh⁺ foetus for the second time. Describe the consequences of Rh^- incompatibility in this case?

3

(a)

Explain the chemical events that takes place to form a blood clot to seal the wound.

3

(a)

Answer the following
(i) Name the major site where RBCs are formed.
(ii) Which part of heart is responsible for initiating and maintaining its rhythmic activity?
(iii) What is specific in the heart of crocodiles among reptilians?

3

(a)

Differentiate between right ventricle and left ventricle.

3

(a)

Define a cardiac cycle and the cardiac output.

3

(a)

Write short notes on:
(a) Erythrocytes
(b) Leucocytes
(c) Structure of Heart

3

(a)

Give a chart of different blood groups.

3

(a)

What is Rh incompatibility of mother and foetus? What are the complications and necessary precautions involved in this case?

3

(a)

How is cardiac activity regulated by the nervous system?

3

(a)

Describe systemic circulation.

3

(a)

What is stroke volume? What is its relation with cardiac output?

3

(a)

A person suffering from fever is advised to take blood test. What may happen to his WEC count and why?

3

(a)

Explain different layers of arteries.

3

(a)