Various materials which are obtained from nature are called natural resources. Which of the following is not a natural resource?

1

(a)

Minerals

(b)

Water

(c)

Soil

(d)

Plastic

Which of the following is a pair of exhaustible natural resources?

1

(a)

Coal and soil

(b)

Air and sunlight

(c)

Water and petroleum

(d)

Wildlife and minerals

The World's first oil well was drilled in :

1

(a)

USSR

(b)

USA

(c)

India

(d)

UK

It was used for street lighting for the first time in London.

1

(a)

Coke

(b)

Coal-tar

(c)

Coal gas

(d)

Petrol

Coal-tar contains about _______ substances:

1

(a)

400

(b)

300

(c)

100

(d)

200

Sunlight is an ______________natural resource.

1

(a)

inexhaustible

Petroleum is very important so, it is called______________________

1

(a)

black gold

The substances formed from natural gas and petroleum are called_____________

1

(a)

petrochemicals

The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called__________.

1

(a)

carbonization

Coal and petroleum are formed from the dead remains of organisms and are known as_________.

1

(a)

fossil fuels

Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory.

1

(a) True

(b) False

CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol.

1

(a) True

(b) False

Coke is almost pure form of carbon

1

(a) True

(b) False

Coal tar is a mixture of various substances.

1

(a) True

(b) False

Kerosene is not a fossil fuel.

1

(a) True

(b) False

Name some useful products obtained from coal when it is processed in industry.

1

(a)

Coal is processed in industry to get some useful products such as coke, coal-tar and coal gas.

Write one use of coal.

1

(a)

Coal is used in thermal power plants to produce electricity.

When was coal gas first used for street lighting in London?

1

(a)

Coal gas was used for street lightning for the first time in London in 1810 and in New York around 1820.

Where is oil found in India?

1

(a)

Oil is found in India in Assam, Gujarat, and Mumbai High and in the river basin of Godavari and Krishna.

What are the uses of diesel?

1

(a)

Diesel is used as fuel for heavy motor vehicles, electric generators etc.

Petrochemicals are obtained from where? Give examples

2

(a)

Coal, petroleum and natural gas are called fossil fuels. Why?

2

(a)

What do you mean by carbonisation?

2

(a)

1. Which petroleum product is commonly used for electric generators?

   2

   (a)

2. What are the harmful effects of using fossil fuels?

   2

   (a)

1. What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?

   3

   (a)

2. Look at the figure where petroleum and natural gas deposits are shown. Why do we find oil layer above water layer?
   

   3

   (a)

1. The material X is a fossil fuel. It is formed from the buried large land plants (vegetation) by a very slow process Y. When X is heated in the absence of air, i. e. in the process called Z, it gives three products A, B and C. A is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals, B is used as an industrial fuel, whereas the product C has been traditionally used for metalling the roads. It is now replaced by a petroleum product, bitumen. Now give the answer of the following questions.
   (a) What is the material X?
   (b) What is the physical state and colour of X?
   (c) Name the processes Y and Z.
   (d) What are the products A, B and C?

   5

   (a)

2. What do you understand by the statement that "the known reserves of these will last only few hundred years"?

   5

   (a)

List various constituents of petroleum and their uses.

3

(a)

What is refining of petroleum? Give different constituents of petroleum.

3

(a)

What is natural gas? What are the advantages of using CNG?

3

(a)